HAART by drug name Flashcards
tenofovir
NRTI that does not require phosphorylation
- renal excretion –> fanconis
- primarily acts intracellular
emtricitabine (FTC) , lamivudine (3TC)
NRTI that does not require phosphorylation
best tolerated NRTI!
active against HBV
renal exc
abacavir (ABC)
NRTI hepatic metab
causes type IV hypersensitivity reactions –> HLAB57:01 screening performed prior
zidovudine
previously AZT
given proph after birth with Nevirapine to decrease HIV transmission
side effects of NRTIs
myopathy anemia, granulocytopenia neuropathy lactic acidosis hepatic steatosis
mech of resistance against NNRTIs
single AA subs in NNRTI binding site on HIV rev-trans
MUST use NNRTI with two other antiretroviral agents to prevent resistance
ADR of NNRTIs
rash, hepatotoxicity
efavirenz
NNRTI
causes vivid dreams and CNS sx
contrainc in pregnancy
nevirapine
give proph with Zidovudine in pregnancy
not real used due to hepatic effects
delavirinde
contraincicated in pregnancy
also not really used anymore
least potent
emfuvirtide
blocks gp41 –> prevents fusion with CD4 cells
become resistant via gp41 mutations
maraviroc
CCR5 antagonist –> prevents fusion of gp120 and surface CCR5
can mutate gp120 to gain resistance
what HIV strains is maraviroc ineffective against?
x4
dual tropic
ones that target CXCR4, assoc with LATER dz (have moved on from targeting CCR5)
how can you ID integrase inhbitors? what are their ADRs?
-tegravir (raltegravir, elvitegravir, dolutegravir)
ADRs= hyperchol, increased CK
generally well tolerated
protease inhibitors have many ADRs. what are they?
lipodsytrophy--> chubby horse with central adipostiy hyperglycemia/lipidemia/insulinemia GI intolerance lactic acidsosis neuropathy QT prolongation hapatotoxicity
