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Haematology > H6 > Flashcards

H6 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the morphology of neutrophils?

A 
most abundant
segmented nucleus
few mitochondria
many granules
females: drumstick appendage that contains inactivated X chromosome
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2
Q

What is the function of neutrophils?

A
  • First line of defence:
  • Migrate though blood vessel into tissue as response to imflammation or infection
  • Main component in pus
  • Destroy microorganisms by phagocytosis and release of hydrolytic enzymes
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3
Q

What is the morphology of Eosinophils?

A

larger than neutrophils
bi-lobar sausage-shaped nucleus
large oval granules

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4
Q

What is the function of eosinophils?

A

combat parasites, allergy, asthma

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5
Q

What is the morphology of basophils?

A

small dark staining cells
large dark purple staining granules
many granules containing histamine, heparin, peroxidase

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6
Q

What is the function of basophils?

A
  • Released after IgE binding

- Important function in immediate hypersensitivity reactions

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7
Q

What is the morphology of monocytes?

A

largest blood cell
kidney-shaped nucleus
many lysosomes
cytoplasmic projections

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8
Q

What is the function of monocytes?

A
  • Mature into macrophages or dendritic cells that are important for phagocytosis
  • Antigen-presenting cells
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9
Q

What is the morphology of Lymphocytes?

A

smallest blood cells
larger when activated
round densely staining nucleus
few lysosomes

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10
Q

What is the function of lymphocytes?

A

Important function in adaptive immunity

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11
Q

What are the causes of neutrophilia?

A

exercise, adrenalin, convulsions, infection

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12
Q

What are the causes of eosinophilia?

A

parasite infections, allergic diseases, drug reactions, Hodgkin’s lymphoma

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13
Q

What are the causes of monocytosis?

A

chronic infections, TB, chronic inflammation, carcinoma, leukaemia

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14
Q

What are the causes of basophilia?

A

allergic reactions, bee stings, ulcerative colitis, hyperthyroidism, myoproliferative disease

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15
Q

What are the causes of lymphocytosis?

A

infections, leukaemias, some lymphomas, NB: increases with age

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16
Q

What are the causes of neutropenia?

A

HIV, hepatitis A, EBV, bacterial sepsis, drugs, autoimmune conditions

17
Q

What are the causes of lymphopenia?

A

HIV, trauma, surgery, burns, steroid use and other immunosuppressants

18
Q

Give examples of neoplastic abnormalities of leucocytes

A

leukaemias

myeloproliferative neoplasms

Haematology (7 decks)

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