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MRCS - Anatomy > H&N - Neck > Flashcards

H&N - Neck Flashcards

1
Q

Level of common carotid bibfurcation

A

C3-C4

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2
Q

Level of end of pharynx/larynx start of oesophagus/trachea

A

C5/6

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3
Q

Where do you do a tracheostomy

A

Emergency situation: Cricothyroid membrane

Normally: 2nd tracheal ring

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4
Q

Fascia in neck

A

Investing

Prevertebral

Pretracheal

Carotid sheath

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5
Q

Fascial spaces

A

Pretracheal

Retropharyngeal

Prevertebral layer

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6
Q

Which vessels form external jugular vein

A

Posterior retromandibular and posterior auricular

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7
Q

Course of external jugular vein

A

Passes down in the superficial fascia, superficial to sternocleidomastoid

Pierces invesiting fascia, superior to clavicle, posterior to sternocleidomastoid

Enters subclavian

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8
Q

Vessels tributing to external jugular vein

A

Posterior external jugular

Transverse cervical

Supra scapular

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9
Q

Anterior jugular vein

A

Form at hyoid level,

Pierces investing fascia

Drains into subclavian

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10
Q

Anterior neck triangles

A

Submental

Submandibular

Carotid

Muscular

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11
Q

Submental triangle boundaries

A

Mandibular symphysis

Anterior belly of digastric

Body of hyoid bone

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12
Q

Content of submental triangle

A

Submental nodes

Tributaries forming anterior jugular vein

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13
Q

Submandibular triangle boundaries

A

Lower border of mandible

Anterior belly of digastric

Posterior belly of digastric

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14
Q

Submandibular triangle content

A

Submandibular gland

Submandibular lymph nodes

Hypoglossal nerve

Mylohyoid nerve

Facial artery and vein

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15
Q

Carotid triangle boundaries

A

Posterior belly of digastric

Superior belly of omohyoid

Anterior border of sternocleidomastoid

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16
Q

Carotid triangle content

A

Common, internal and external carotid arteries

Internal jugular vein, Common facial vein

Cervical branch of facial, CN10,11,12, ansa cervicalis transverse cervical nerve

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17
Q

Muscular triangle boundaries

A

Midline

Sternocleidomastoid

Superior belly of omohyoid

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18
Q

Muscular triangle content

A

Muscles: Sternohyoid, omohyoid, thyrohyoid

Thyroid, Parathyroid

Pharynx

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19
Q

Suprahyoid muscles

A

Stylohyoid

Digastric

Mylohyoid

Geniohyoid

20
Q

Function of suprahyoid muscles

A

elevate hyoid bone

21
Q

Innervation of stylohyoid

A

Facial

22
Q

Innervation of digastric muscle

A

Anterior: mylohyoid (V3)
Posterior: facial nerve

23
Q

Innervation of mylohyoid

A

Mylohyoid nerve (V3)

24
Q

Innervation of geniohyoid

A

C1 ( carried along CN11)

25
Q

Infrahyoid muscles

A

Sternohyoid

Omohyoid

Thyrohyoid

Sternothyroid

26
Q

Action of infrahyoid muscles

A

depresses hyoid

27
Q

Innervation of infrahyoid muscles

A

Ansa cervicalis (C1-C3)

28
Q

Ansa cervicalis roots

A

C1-C3

29
Q

Which muscles does ansa cervicalis innervate

A

GHost THought SOmeone Stupid Shot Irene

GenioHyoid
ThyroidHyoid
Superior Omohyoid
SternoThyroid
SternoHyoid
Inferior Omohyoid

30
Q

Ansa cervicalis relations

A

Superior part crosses internal carotid

Inferior part crosses internal jugular

31
Q

Vertebral level of hyoid

A

C3

32
Q

Vertebral level of thyroid

A

C4

33
Q

Vertebral level of cricoid

A

C5

34
Q

Lower border of cricoid landmark significance

A

Junction of:

Larynx and trachea

Pharynx and oesophagus

Inferior thyroid artery and thyroid gland

35
Q

Thyroid gland relations

A

Enclosed in pretracheal fascia with trachea and recurrent laryngeal nerve

Lateral: carotid sheath Internal carotid, Internal jugular, Vagus

Accessory lobe: pyramidal from isthmus

36
Q

Arterial supply to thyroid gland

A

Superior thyroid artery (external carotid artery)

Inferior thyroid artery (thyrocervical trunk artery)

10% of people: Thyroid ima a. (branch of brachiocephalic)

37
Q

Venous drainage of thyroid

A

Superior and middle thyroid veins (Into IJV)

Inferior thyroid vein (into brachiocephalic vein)

38
Q

Path of the recurrent laryngeal nerve

A

On right: loops around subclavian

On left: loops around aortic arch

39
Q

Posterior traingle subdivisions

A

Occipital triangle

Omoclavicular triange

40
Q

Nerves of posterior triangle

A

Accessory nerve

Phrenic nerve

Three trunks of the brachial plexus

Branches of the cervical plexus: Supraclavicular nerve, transverse cervical nerve, great auricular nerve, lesser occipital nerve

41
Q

Blood vessels of posterior triangle

A

External jugular vein

subclavian artery

42
Q

Cervical plexus

A
43
Q

Termination of lymphatic trunks

A

Subclavian vein

44
Q

Lymph nodes of the neck

A
45
Q

Atlas Axis articulation

A

Dens inserts anterior to spinal cord

46
Q

Which cranial nerve lies anterior to the carotid sheath

A

CN12

47
Q

Position of cervical sympathetic chain

A

between carotid sheath and prevertebral fascia

MRCS - Anatomy (23 decks)

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