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H-English Flashcards

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Proverbs and Idioms flashcards
1
Q

schadenfreude

A

n. satisfaction or pleasure felt at someone else’s misfortune.
eg) The sadistic student’s schadenfrude against the victim raises my neck hairs and chills to my back.

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2
Q

meticulous

A

adj. showing great attention to detail; very careful and precise
eg. ) The designs are hand-glazed with meticulous care.

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3
Q

deplore

A

v. feel or express strong condemnation of (something).

eg. ) We deplore all violence.

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4
Q

engender

A

v. cause or give rise to (a feeling, situation, or condition).
eg. ) The issue engendered continuing controversy

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5
Q

controversy

A

n. prolonged public disagreement or heated discussion

eg. ) The design of the building has caused controversy

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6
Q

dissident

A

n. a person who opposes official policy, especially that of an authoritarian state.
eg. ) A dissident who had been jailed by a military regime

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7
Q

archaic

A

adj. very old or old-fashioned

eg. ) Prisons are run on archaic methods

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8
Q

docile

A

adj. ready to accept control or instruction; submissive.

eg. ) A cheap and docile workforce

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9
Q

pacify

A

v. to soothe, calm down, quell the anger, agitation, or excitement of.
eg. ) he had to pacify angry spectators

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10
Q

gregarious

A

adj. friendly, (of a person) fond of company; sociable.

eg. ) he was a popular and gregarious man

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11
Q

haughty

A

adj. arrogantly superior and disdainful.

eg. ) A look of haughty disdain

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12
Q

conceited

A

adj. excessively proud of oneself; vain.

eg. ) Fred’s so conceited he’d never believe anyone would refuse him

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13
Q

disdain

A

n. the feeling that someone or something is unworthy of one’s consideration or respect.
eg. ) Her upper lip curled in disdain

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14
Q

surmise

A

v. to guess

eg. ) he surmised that something must be wrong

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15
Q

consolidate (2)

A

v. 1.) make (something) physically stronger or more solid.
eg. ) the first phase of the project is to consolidate the outside walls
2. ) combine (a number of things) into a single more effective or coherent whole, to unify
eg. ) all manufacturing activities have been consolidated in new premises

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16
Q

conjure (2)

A

v. 1.) cause (a spirit or ghost) to appear by means of a magic ritual.
eg. ) they hoped to conjure up the spirit of their dead friend
2. ) [archaic] implore (someone) to do something.
eg. ) she conjured him to return

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17
Q

glum

A

adj. looking or feeling dejected; morose.

eg. ) the princess looked glum but later cheered up

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18
Q

quell

A

v. put an end to (a rebellion or other disorder), typically by the use of force.
eg. ) extra police were called to quell the disturbance

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19
Q

burly

A

adj. (of a person) large and strong; heavily built.

eg. ) I saw a burly figure approaching

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20
Q

reverence (2)

A

n. deep respect for someone or something
eg. ) rituals showed honour and reverence for the dead
v. regard or treat with deep respect.
eg. ) the many divine beings reverenced by Hindu tradition

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21
Q

ventured (2)

A

v. 1.) undertake a risky or daring journey or course of action.
eg. ) she ventured out into the blizzard
2. ) dare to do or say something that may be considered audacious (often used as a polite expression of hesitation or apology).
eg. ) may I venture to add a few comments?

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22
Q

superficial (2)

A

adj. 1.) existing or occurring at or on the surface.
eg. ) the building suffered only superficial damage
2. ) appearing to be true or real only until examined more closely.
eg. ) the resemblance between the breeds is superficial

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23
Q

paradigm

A

n. a typical example or pattern of something; a pattern or model.
eg. ) society’s paradigm of the ‘ideal woman’

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24
Q

profoundly

A

adv. to a profound extent; extremely.

eg. ) a profoundly disturbing experience

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25
Q

undermine

A

v. 1.) erode the base or foundation of (a rock formation).
eg. ) the flow of water had undermined pillars supporting the roof
2. ) lessen the effectiveness, power, or ability of, especially gradually or insidiously
eg. ) this could undermine years of hard work

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26
Q

jester

A

n. a professional joker or ‘fool’ at a medieval court, typically wearing a cap with bells on it and carrying a mock sceptre.

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27
Q

fluctuate

A

v. rise and fall irregularly in number or amount.

eg) trade with other countries tends to fluctuate from year to year

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28
Q

camaraderie

A

n. mutual trust and friendship among people who spend a lot of time together.
eg. ) the enforced camaraderie of office life

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29
Q

trough

A

n. 1.) a long, narrow open container for animals to eat or drink out of
eg. ) a water trough
2. ) a channel used to convey a liquid.
v. [informal] eat greedily.

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30
Q

mediocre

A

adj. of only average quality; not very good.

eg. ) Mediocre construction makes that building dangerous

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31
Q

subjugate

A

v. bring under domination or control, especially by conquest.
eg. ) the invaders had soon subjugated most of the population

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32
Q

derrick

A

n. a large crane

eg. ) The oil field was crowded with derricks

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33
Q

zinnia

A

n. a colourful flower that blooms once a year

eg. ) By late summer, Mom’s garden is bright with zinnias.

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34
Q

maverick

A

n. someone who doesn’t go along with a group’s thinking

eg. ) She is very original and something of a maverick in her field.

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35
Q

boycott

A

v. to stop using something

eg. ) People threatened to boycott the store because of its policies.

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36
Q

saturnine

A

adj. gloomy

eg. ) The main character in the movie seemed glum and saturnine to the viewers

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37
Q

laconic

A

adj. (of a person) uses few words

eg. ) Devon’s response to the question was short and laconic.

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38
Q

sequioia

A

n. giant redwood tree

eg. ) A national park in California is noted for its stands of sequoia trees.

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39
Q

bacitracin

A

n. an antibiotic ointment

eg. ) The nurse applied bacitracin to Ziggy’s cut

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40
Q

mesmerize

A

v. to hypnotize

eg. ) The children were mesmerized by the musician and sat there listening for hours.

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41
Q

dissent

A

n. the holding or expression of opinions at variance with those commonly or officially held.
eg. ) there was no dissent from this view
v. hold or express opinions that are at variance with those commonly or officially held.
eg. ) two members dissented from the majority

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42
Q

consent

A

n. permission for something to happen or agreement to do something.
eg. ) no change may be made without the consent of all the partners
v. give permission for something to happen
eg. ) he consented to a search by a detective

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43
Q

relent

A

v. abandon or mitigate a severe or harsh attitude, especially by finally yielding to a request.
eg. ) she was going to refuse his request, but relented

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44
Q

mitigate

A

v1. make (something bad) less severe, serious, or painful.
eg. ) drainage schemes have helped to mitigate this problem
v2. lessen the gravity of (an offence or mistake).
eg. ) he would have faced a prison sentence but for mitigating circumstances

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45
Q

hail

A

v. have one’s home or origins in (a place).

eg. ) “they hail from Turkey”

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46
Q

pariah

A

n. an outcast

eg. ) they were treated as social pariahs

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47
Q

condemnation

A

n. the expression of very strong disapproval; censure.

eg. ) there was strong international condemnation of the attack

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48
Q

integrity

A

n. the quality of being honest and having strong moral principles.
eg. ) a gentleman of complete integrity

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49
Q

cynical

A

adj. believing that people are motivated purely by self-interest; distrustful of human sincerity or integrity.
eg. ) he was brutally cynical and hardened to every sob story under the sun

50
Q

conjugate

A

v. give the different forms of (a verb in an inflected language such as Latin) as they vary according to voice, mood, tense, number, and person.
eg. ) conjugating verbs forms part of language study

51
Q

regime

A

n1. a government, especially an authoritarian one.
eg. ) ideological opponents of the regime
n2. a system or ordered way of doing things.
eg. ) detention centres with a very tough physical regime

52
Q

sardonic

A

adj. characterized by bitter or scornful derision; mocking; cynical; sneering.
eg. ) This person is sadistic and sardonic. Not many will come near her. Instead, they would walk away in disgust.

53
Q

submissive

A

adj. ready to conform to the authority or will of others; meekly obedient or passive.
eg. ) a submissive, almost sheeplike people

54
Q

conform

A

v. comply with rules, standards, or laws.

eg. ) the kitchen does not conform to hygiene regulations

55
Q

comply

A

v. act in accordance with a wish or command.

eg. ) we are unable to comply with your request

56
Q

detrimental

A

adj. tending to cause harm.

eg. ) recent policies have been detrimental to the interests of many old people

57
Q

sidelong

A

adj. directed to or from one side; sideways.

“Steve gave her a sidelong glance”

58
Q

apprehension

A

n. anxiety or fear that something bad or unpleasant will happen.
“he felt sick with apprehension”

59
Q

whopper

A

n. a big lie

60
Q

secular

A

adj. not bound to religious rules

eg. ) …whether to allow schools to appoint secular welfare workers or not…

61
Q

welfare workers

A

n. social workers

62
Q

chaplains

A

n. a member of the clergy attached to a private chapel, institution, ship, regiment, etc

63
Q

sack

A

[informal] v. dismiss from employment.

64
Q

procession

A

n. a number of people or vehicles moving forward in an orderly fashion, especially as part of a ceremony.
eg. ) “a funeral procession”

65
Q

indifferent

A

adj. having no particular interest or sympathy; unconcerned.

eg. ) “he gave an indifferent shrug”

66
Q

permeating

A

v. spread throughout (something)

eg. ) “the aroma of soup permeated the air”

67
Q

thwart

A

v. prevent (someone) from accomplishing something.

eg. ) “he never did anything to thwart his father”

68
Q

sovereginty

A

n. supreme power or authority.

eg. ) “how can we hope to wrest sovereignty away from the oligarchy and back to the people?”

69
Q

pendant

A

adj. hanging downward; pendent.

eg. ) “Here was loop of creeper with a tendril pendant from a node.”

70
Q

oppressive

A

adj. unjustly inflicting hardship and constraint, esp. on a minority or other subordinate group.
eg. ) “The silence of the forest was more oppressive than the heat”

71
Q

rouse

A

v. to bring out of sleep; awaken

eg. ) “Only when Jack himself roused a gaudy bird from a primitive nest of sticks was the silence shattered”

72
Q

gaudy

A

adj. extravagantly bright or showy, typically so as to be tasteless.
eg. ) “Only when Jack himself roused a gaudy bird from a primitive nest of sticks was the silence shattered”

73
Q

furtive

A

adj. attempting to avoid notice or attention, typically because of guilt or a belief that discovery would lead to trouble; secretive.
eg. ) “…became less of a hunter than a furtive thing”

74
Q

avidly

A

adv. with having or showing a keen interest in or enthusiasm for something.
eg. ) “He searched through the forest avidly.”

75
Q

pallor

A

n. an unhealthy pale appearance.

eg. ) “there was an even passing pallor in his face”

76
Q

trodden

A

v. (past participle of tread) walk in a specified way.

eg. ) “The trodden ground at his feet”

77
Q

inscrutable

A

adj. impossible to understand or interpret; fathomless, incomprehensible
eg. ) “He stared at the inscrutable masses of creeper that lay across the trail.”

78
Q

accustomed

A

adj. customary, usual

79
Q

castanet

A

n. small concave pieces of wood, ivory, or plastic, joined in pairs by a cord and clicked together by the fingers as a rhythmic accompaniment to Spanish dancing.

80
Q

trotters

A

n. foot (esp pig’s foot used in food)

eg. ) “…pig’s trotters”

81
Q

vissicitude

A

n. a change of circumstances or fortune, typically one that is unwelcome or unpleasant.
eg. ) “stained by all of the vissicitudes of a day’s hunting”

82
Q

contraption

A

n. a machine or device that appears strange or unnecessarily complicated, and often badly made or unsafe.
eg. ) “Ralph was standing by a contraption of palm trunks an leaves”

83
Q

rude

A

adj. roughly made or done; lacking subtlety or sophistication.
eg. ) “A rude shelter”

84
Q

contrite

A

adj. feeling or expressing remorse or penitence; affected by guilt.
eg. ) “Simon’s contrite face appeared in the hole”

85
Q

gesticulated

A

v. to gesture in exaggerated way, instead of speaking or to emphasize one’s words.

86
Q

compulsion

A

n. the action or state of forcing or being forced to do something; constraint.

87
Q

antagonism

A

n. active hostility or opposition.

eg. ) “Now the antagonism was audible.”

88
Q

batty

A

adj. crazy; insane

eg. ) “They’re batty”

89
Q

glamour

A

n. the attractive or exciting quality that makes certain people or things seem appealing or special.
eg. ) “…remembering the glamour on the first day”

90
Q

intent

A

adj. resolved or determined to do (something).

91
Q

indignant

A

adj. feeling or showing anger or annoyance at what is perceived as unfair treatment.

92
Q

declivities

A

n. a downward slope.

eg. ) “Jack was pointing to the high declivities that led down from the mountain to the flatter part of the island”

93
Q

bewildered

A

v. cause (someone) to become perplexed and confused.

eg. ) “Ralph gazed bewildered at his rapt face”

94
Q

rapt

A

adj. completely fascinated by what one is seeing or hearing.

eg. ) “Ralph gazed bewildered at his rapt face”

95
Q

queer

A

adj. strange, odd

eg. ) “He’s queer. He’s funny”

96
Q

tacit

A

adj. understood or implied without being stated.

eg. ) “… by tacit consent they left the shelter”

97
Q

consent

A

n. permission for something to happen or agreement to do something.
eg. ) “… by tacit consent they left the shelter”

98
Q

trek

A

v. go on a long arduous (or hard) journey, typically on foot.
eg. ) “I’ll just trek over to the other side of the mountain”

99
Q

baffled

A

adj. totally bewilder or perplex.

100
Q

lugged

A

v. carry or drag (a heavy or bulky object) with great effort.
eg. ) “lugged him towards the trees”

101
Q

amid

A

prep. surrounded by; in the middle of.

eg. ) “amid the roar of bees”

102
Q

clamorously

A

adv. with making a loud and confused noise.

eg. ) “life went on clamorously”

103
Q

flaunted

A

v. to display (something) ostentatiously, esp. in order to provoke envy or admiration or to show defiance.
eg. ) “a rapid climber flaunted red and yellow sprays right to the top”

104
Q

ostentatiously

A

adv. showily

105
Q

susurration

A

n. voicelessness, whisper, whispering
eg. ) “The deep sea breaking miles away on the reef made an undertone less perceptible than the susurration of the blood”

106
Q

riotous

A

adj. marked by or involving public disorder.

eg. ) “The riotous colours died” or “a riotous crowd”

107
Q

sepals

A

n. each of the parts of the calyx of a flower, enclosing the petals and typically green and leaflike.

108
Q

abomination

A

n. a thing that causes disgust or loathing.

eg. ) concrete abominations masquerading as hotels

109
Q

masquerade

A

v. pretend to be someone one is not.

eg. ) a journalist masquerading as a man in distress

110
Q

condescending

A

adj. having or showing an attitude of patronizing superiority.
eg. ) she thought the teachers were arrogant and condescending

111
Q

patronizing

A

v. to speak down to others, acting as though you are smarter, classier, or just plain better than anyone else.

112
Q

obelisk

A

n. a tapering stone pillar, typically having a square or rectangular cross section, set up as a monument or landmark.

113
Q

delegate

A

v. entrust (a task or responsibility) to another person, typically one who is less senior than oneself.
eg. ) she must delegate duties so as to free herself for more important tasks

114
Q

incongruous

A

adj. not in harmony or keeping with the surroundings or other aspects of something.
eg. ) the duffel coat looked incongruous with the black dress she wore underneath

115
Q

ballast

A

n. heavy material, such as gravel, sand, or iron, placed in the bilge of a ship to ensure its stability.
eg. ) the hull had insufficient ballast

116
Q

chivalry

A

n1. the medieval knightly system with its religious, moral, and social code.
eg. ) the age of chivalry
n2. knights, noblemen, and horsemen collectively.
eg. ) “I fought against the cream of French chivalry”

117
Q

chasm

A

n1. a deep fissure in the earth’s surface.
eg. ) “a chasm a mile long”
n2. a profound difference between people, viewpoints, feelings, etc.
eg. ) “the chasm between rich and poor”

118
Q

temperament

A

n1. a person’s or animal’s nature, especially as it permanently affects their behaviour.
eg. ) she had an artistic temperament

119
Q

cessation

A

n. the fact or process of ending or being brought to an end.

eg. ) “the cessation of hostilities”

120
Q

ventriloquy

A

n. an act of stagecraft in which a person (a ventriloquist) changes his or her voice so that it appears that the voice is coming from elsewhere, usually a puppeteered “dummy”

English (6 decks)

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