H Chemistry: Unit 8

Question 1

organic chemistry

Answer 1

chemistry of carbon and all the biological substances

Question 2

organic chemistry: carbon

Answer 2

-makes 4 bonds
-makes up the base chain of all organic molecules

Question 3

organic chemistry: hydrogen

Answer 3

makes 1 bond

Question 4

hydrocarbons

Answer 4

simplest organic molecule made of carbon and hydrogen

Question 5

alkane

Answer 5

carbon chain made of carbon-carbon single bonds

Question 6

naming alkane

Answer 6

use base name, drop the -yl ending, and add the suffix “-ane”

Question 7

alkane base names: 1

Answer 7

methyl

Question 8

alkane base names: 2

Answer 8

ethyl

Question 9

alkane base names: 3

Answer 9

propyl

Question 10

alkane base names: 4

Answer 10

butyl

Question 11

alkane base names: 5

Answer 11

pentyl

Question 12

alkane base names: 6

Answer 12

hexyl

Question 13

alkane base names: 7

Answer 13

heptyl

Question 14

alkane base names: 8

Answer 14

octyl

Question 15

alkane base names: 9

Answer 15

nonyl

Question 16

alkane base names: 10

Answer 16

decyl

Question 17

alkane base names: 11

Answer 17

undecyl

Question 18

alkane base names: 12

Answer 18

dodecyl

Question 19

alkane formula

Answer 19

Cn H(2n+2)

Question 20

ring

Answer 20

enclosed chain of carbons; two hydrogens are lost in the formula

Question 21

naming rings

Answer 21

add the prefix “cyclo-“

Question 22

alkene

Answer 22

hydrocarbon that contains at least one double bond

Question 23

naming alkenes

Answer 23

use base name and a locant and drop the “-yl” ending and ass the suffix “-ene”

Question 24

locant

Answer 24

number of the carbon that double bond starts on; must have the lowest number possible

Question 25

locant rules

Answer 25

1. the “1” locant can be omitted if only 1 double bond is present
2. if 2 double bonds are present, change the suffix to “-diene” and use 2 locants
3. if 3 double bonds are present, change the suffix to “-triene” and use 3 locants

Question 26

alkyne

Answer 26

hydrocarbon that contains at least 1 triple bond

Question 27

naming alkyne

Answer 27

use suffix “-yne” and a locant; use diyne if 2 triple bonds are present and triyne if 3 triple bonds are present

Question 28

if a double bond and a triple bond are on the same molecule,

Answer 28

name the double bond first but drop the “e” in -ene but give the triple binned the lowest locant

Question 29

alkyl group

Answer 29

a carbon or chain of carbons that branch off the base chain

Question 30

naming alkyl groups

Answer 30

use base name and a locant as a prefix; if more than 1 group is present, alphabetize the prefixes; if 2 of the same alkyl group are present use “di-“ and 2 locants; if three are present, use “tri-“ and 3 locants

Question 31

alkyl halide

Answer 31

organic structure with a halogen attached

Question 32

alkyl halide: bromine

Answer 32

adding a -br to a carbon chain; name by adding prefix “bromo-“ and a locant

Question 33

alkyl halide: chlorine

Answer 33

adding a -Cl to a carbon chain; name by adding the prefix “chloro-“