Gyroscopes 2

Question 1

Types of gyro

Answer 1

Space = freedom of movement in all three planes no external control
Tied = controlled in one plane by an outside force to keep it pointing in one direction with respect to earth( turn indicator)
Earth = tied one plane controlled by gravity (artificial horizon)
Rate gyro = freedom of movement in 2 planes movement in third plane used to measure precession (turn indicator/coordinator

Question 2

Advantage of electric driven gyro

Answer 2

Power is cleaner less maintenance
More precise at higher rpm meaning greater accuracy
Gimbal design allows for greater freedom of movement
Electric gyros not affected by reducing air density at higher alt

Question 3

Vacuum pump

Answer 3

Rotor spins about 12000 rpm
Pump provides 8-10” Hg reduced to. 4.5-6 by relief valve

Faults
Blocked filter
Pump failure
Suction gauge failure

Question 4

Venturi tube

Answer 4

Depends on forward velocity of aircraft
Decreasing density with altitude ice and rain and non operational at zero velocity are all concerns
Usually standby

Question 5

Gyro errors

Answer 5

Wander
Both drift and topple

Drift
Spin axis moves in horizontal plane

Topple when spin axis moves in horizontal plane

Question 6

Real wander vs apparent

Answer 6

Real
Physical deviation of gyro from fixed point in space
Caused by imperfections, imperfect balance, turbulence, gimbal malfunction

Apparent
Based on observer
Due to earth rotating while gyro is fixed on a point in space