Gyne Flashcards
adnexa
space either side of uterus where ovaries are sitting
what female organs are covered in a pelvic ultrasound?
urinary bladder
uterus
ovaries
adnexa
pelvic arteries and veins
inguinal areas
what male organs are covered in a pelvic ultrasound?
urinary blader
prostate
seminal vesicles
pelvic arteries and veins
inguinal areas
preparation for pelvic ultrasound
600 mls to 1L of water
consider how far along patient is, in 3rd trimester some patients wont need to drink
why do we prep for pelvic ultrasounds?
provides a sonic window to the early gravid uterus
dyspareunia
painful sex
dysmenorrhea
painful periods
amenorrhea
someone has lost their menstrual cycle
menorrhagia
heavy periods
menometrorrhagia
heavy and prolonged bleeding
PV
per vagina
hirsutism
excess hair in a female, which has to do with the male hormones
what transducer or transducers would you use for a pelvic US?
5-8.5 MHz transvaginal curvilinear probe
3.5 -6MHZ Sector (multifrequency)
and 2.5-6MHz curvilinear (multifrequency)
TV
transvaginal
LMP
last menustral period
HRT
hormone replacement therapy
what is G? for patient history?
gestation, how many times they have been pregnant
what is P? for patient history?
parity, actual live births the patient has had.
What would you ask about for patient history for a pelvic ultrasound?
LMP, gestation number, parity number, HRT, why did they see the doctor, where is the pain - how often does it last, how often does it come and when? on the pill? etc
what do you image for a pelvic US?
transverse and longitudinal images of uterus & ovaries, volume calculations of ovaries
What do you image and measure on pelvic US?
transverse & longitudinal images of uterus & ovaries, volume calculations of ovaries, uterine measurements, endometrial measurements, kidney images, TV scanning
What are the 3 main phases of the endometrial cycle?
Menses (day 1-5), proliferative (day 5-14), secretary (day 14 to menses)
what is menses?
one of the main phases of the endometrial cycle. Day 1-5, which is when the thickened endometrium sheds
what is proliferative?
a phase of the endometrial cycle. Days 5-14, where the endometrium thickens in response to oestrogen
what is secretary?
a phase of the endometrial cycle. Days 14 to menses again. where the endometrium gradually thickens
How does the endometrium appear over the menstrual phase?
Thin broken echogenic line, this is the menstrual phase, where it is very thin
How does the endometrium appear over the proliferative phase?
hypoechoic thickening 4-8mm. Can see that it is starting to get thicker
How does the endometrium appear over the secretory phase?
hyperechoic thickening 7-14mm. this is after ovulation, can see its more echogenic compared to the rest of the uterus
what are the preparations for a TV scan?
-empty bladder
- CONSENT
-use a dedicated, curved curvilinear array transducer of high frequency
- transducer sterilised with sterile gel and probe cover
