Gyne

Question 1

adnexa

Answer 1

space either side of uterus where ovaries are sitting

Question 2

what female organs are covered in a pelvic ultrasound?

Answer 2

urinary bladder
uterus
ovaries
adnexa
pelvic arteries and veins
inguinal areas

Question 3

what male organs are covered in a pelvic ultrasound?

Answer 3

urinary blader
prostate
seminal vesicles
pelvic arteries and veins
inguinal areas

Question 4

preparation for pelvic ultrasound

Answer 4

600 mls to 1L of water
consider how far along patient is, in 3rd trimester some patients wont need to drink

Question 5

why do we prep for pelvic ultrasounds?

Answer 5

provides a sonic window to the early gravid uterus

Question 6

dyspareunia

Answer 6

painful sex

Question 7

dysmenorrhea

Answer 7

painful periods

Question 8

amenorrhea

Answer 8

someone has lost their menstrual cycle

Question 9

menorrhagia

Answer 9

heavy periods

Question 10

menometrorrhagia

Answer 10

heavy and prolonged bleeding

Question 11

PV

Answer 11

per vagina

Question 12

hirsutism

Answer 12

excess hair in a female, which has to do with the male hormones

Question 13

what transducer or transducers would you use for a pelvic US?

Answer 13

5-8.5 MHz transvaginal curvilinear probe
3.5 -6MHZ Sector (multifrequency)
and 2.5-6MHz curvilinear (multifrequency)

Question 14

TV

Answer 14

transvaginal

Question 15

LMP

Answer 15

last menustral period

Question 16

HRT

Answer 16

hormone replacement therapy

Question 17

what is G? for patient history?

Answer 17

gestation, how many times they have been pregnant

Question 18

what is P? for patient history?

Answer 18

parity, actual live births the patient has had.

Question 19

What would you ask about for patient history for a pelvic ultrasound?

Answer 19

LMP, gestation number, parity number, HRT, why did they see the doctor, where is the pain - how often does it last, how often does it come and when? on the pill? etc

Question 20

what do you image for a pelvic US?

Answer 20

transverse and longitudinal images of uterus & ovaries, volume calculations of ovaries

Question 21

What do you image and measure on pelvic US?

Answer 21

transverse & longitudinal images of uterus & ovaries, volume calculations of ovaries, uterine measurements, endometrial measurements, kidney images, TV scanning

Question 22

What are the 3 main phases of the endometrial cycle?

Answer 22

Menses (day 1-5), proliferative (day 5-14), secretary (day 14 to menses)

Question 23

what is menses?

Answer 23

one of the main phases of the endometrial cycle. Day 1-5, which is when the thickened endometrium sheds

Question 24

what is proliferative?

Answer 24

a phase of the endometrial cycle. Days 5-14, where the endometrium thickens in response to oestrogen

Question 25

what is secretary?

Answer 25

a phase of the endometrial cycle. Days 14 to menses again. where the endometrium gradually thickens

Question 26

How does the endometrium appear over the menstrual phase?

Answer 26

Thin broken echogenic line, this is the menstrual phase, where it is very thin

Question 27

How does the endometrium appear over the proliferative phase?

Answer 27

hypoechoic thickening 4-8mm. Can see that it is starting to get thicker

Question 28

How does the endometrium appear over the secretory phase?

Answer 28

hyperechoic thickening 7-14mm. this is after ovulation, can see its more echogenic compared to the rest of the uterus

Question 29

what are the preparations for a TV scan?

Answer 29

-empty bladder
- CONSENT
-use a dedicated, curved curvilinear array transducer of high frequency
- transducer sterilised with sterile gel and probe cover