Gynae Flashcards
What is HSV 1?
HSV 1 causes cold sores on the mouth
Up to 80% population has this
Can cause genital infections by skin to skin contact
Most are asymptomatic
Types of STIs
Trichomoniasis HIV Syphilis Hep B&C Chlamydia Gonorrhoea Herpes Genital warts
Symptoms of endometriosis
Pelvic pain
Dyspareunia
Menorrhagia
Infertility
Management of endometriosis
Suppression of ovarian function reduces pain :
Oral contraceptives
Gonadotropin releasing hormone agonists
Causes of abnormal uterine bleeding
Polyp
Adenomyosis
Leiomyoma
Malignancy + hyperplasia
Causes of raised CA125
Endometriosis
Uterine fibroids
PID
Pregnancy
What is vulvodynia?
Unexplained vulvar pain
Management of AUB?
Medical
- TXA, IUD, NSAIDs
Surgical
- uterine artery embolisation, leiomyectomy, myectomy
- hysterectomy, resection, ablation
Uterine fibroids risk factors
Afro-American
1st degree relative
Prolonged oestrogen exposure (obesity, early menarche)
What are uterine leiomyomas?
Aka fibroids
Benign tumours of the smooth muscle of the myometriun
Triad of PID
1) Pelvic pain
2) Cervical motion & adnexal tenderness
3) Fever
Most common organisms to cause PID
Chlamydia
Gonorrhoea
- strep, pneumococci
How is PCOS diagnosed?
1) Evidence of excess androgens / signs such as hirsutism/acne
2) Multiple cysts or follicles seen on USS
3) Absent / irregular periods
Management of PCOS
No cure Lifestyle / dietary modifications Metformin Contraception Fertility assistance
Long term risks assoc with PCOS
T2DM Sleep disturbances Heart disease Endometrial cancer Depression
