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DMS > GYN Tricky Topics > Flashcards

GYN Tricky Topics Flashcards

1
Q

Vaginal canal lies at a ___ degree angle to uterus.

A

90

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2
Q

How long does the average vagina measure?

A

7-10 cm

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3
Q

The iliopsoas muscle lies what two directions in the body?

A

Lateral and superior

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4
Q

What organ(s) is the iliopsoas located by?

A

near ovaries, lateral to urinary bladder

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5
Q

Vert=

A

invert/flipped

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6
Q

Flex=

A

bend

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7
Q

levator ani muscle is found _____ to the urinary bladder.

A

lateral and anterior

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8
Q

obturator internus is located ___ to the urinary bladder

A

lateral and inferior

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9
Q

name the 4 pelvic bones

A

sacrum, coccyx, two innominate bones (containing pubis, ischium and ilium)

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10
Q

TRUE pelvis muscles

A

levator ani, obturator internus, piriformis

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11
Q

all three of the true pelvis muscles are found _____ in the body.

A

posteriorly

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12
Q

Obturator internus is located ______ in the body

A

posteriorly, laterally, and inferiorly

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13
Q

Uterine size in a child

A

3 x 2 cm

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14
Q

Uterine size in nulliparous

A

8 x 4 cm

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15
Q

uterine size in multiparous

A

9 x 5

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16
Q

Uterine size in post menopausal women

A

varies

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17
Q

gartner’s duct cyst is found

A

in vagina

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18
Q

nabothian cyst is found in

A

cervix

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19
Q

Name 5 Uterine Ligaments

A

Cardinal
Broad
Round
Ovarian
Mesovarium

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20
Q

Name the function of the Cardinal ligament

A

anchor cervix

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21
Q

Name the function and anatomical direction of the Broad Ligament

A

overlays entire uterus and is found lateral

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22
Q

Name the function and anatomical direction of the Round Ligament

A

attaches uterine corni to anterior wall, found anteriorly and inferiorly

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23
Q

Name the function and anatomical direction of the Mesovarium Ligament

A

connects ovaries to posterior surface of broad ligament, found posteriorly

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24
Q

Where is the isthmus of the uterus found?

A

Between fundus and cervix, where uterus narrows

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25
Q

How long is the average cervix

A

3-4 cm

26
Q

List the 3 ways there would be MD anomalies

A
  1. total/partial atresia
  2. failure to fuse correctly
  3. failure of septum to disappear
27
Q

What are the three types of vaginal malformations?

A
  1. atresia-absence
  2. Septa- transverse septum
  3. duplication - two vaginas
28
Q

Uterine Malformation
Complete Agenesis

A

absence of vagina, cervix, tubes, uterus
(this tells us that both MD were most likely atresic)

29
Q

Uterine Malformation
Partial Agenesis

A

typically results in unicornuate uterus, one tube

30
Q

Uterine Malformation
Uterus didelphys

A

complete duplication (2 uteri, cervices, vaginas)

31
Q

Uterine Malformation
Bicornuate

A

single vagina, 1 or 2 cervices, 2 endometrial canals (heart shaped)

1 cervix - unicollis
2 cervices - bicollis

32
Q

Uterine Malformation
Septate

A

median septum fails to disappear during development

33
Q

T Shaped Uterus is from what?

A

exposure to DES in utero

34
Q

How long are fallopian tubes?

A

7-14 cm

35
Q

3 phases of the endometrium

A

menses, proliferative and secretory

36
Q

Menses are days __ to __

A

1-5

37
Q

what does the endometrium measure during menses?

A

1-5 mm

38
Q

what happens during menses?

A

superficial layer degenerates, is sloughed off and expelled

39
Q

Proliferative happens during days __ to __

A

6 to 14

40
Q

what happens during proliferative phase?

A

regrowth of endometrium in response to estrogen which is released by the ovary

41
Q

what does the endometrium measure during the proliferative phase?

A

5-8 mm

42
Q

secretory phase happens during days __ to __

A

15 to 28

43
Q

what happens during secretory phase?

A

continues to thicken under hormonal influence, becoming nutrient rich

44
Q

what can the endometrium measure up to during the secretory phase?

A

18 mm

45
Q

hypermenorrhea

A

excessive menstration volume

46
Q

hypomenorrhea

A

small amount of bleeding

47
Q

polymenorrhea

A

frequent periods

48
Q

oligomenorrhea

A

menstration periods greater than 30 days apart

49
Q

what secretes estrogen in the ovary?

A

maturing follicles

50
Q

what secretes progesterone in the ovary?

A

corpus luteum

51
Q

why is the ovary not supposed to be found anteriorly??

A

because they are attached on the posterior surface of broad ligament by the mesovarium

52
Q

what releases FSH?

A

Anterior Pituitary

53
Q

what phase releases FSH

A

follicular phase

54
Q

what releases LH?

A

anterior pituitary

55
Q

what is mittelschmerz

A

ovulation pain

56
Q

what are two parts of the granulosa cell

A

cumulus oophorus and follicular antrum

57
Q

what is the most common location of PID

A

fallopian tubes

58
Q

parametritis

A

infection of uterine serosa and broad ligament

59
Q

hematocolpos

A

blood filled vaginal canal

60
Q

hematometrocolpos

A

blood in the uterus and vagina

61
Q

what is it called when a fibroid has a sarcomatous change

A

leiomyosarcoma

DMS (3 decks)

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