GYN Tricky Topics

Question 1

Vaginal canal lies at a ___ degree angle to uterus.

Answer 1

90

Question 2

How long does the average vagina measure?

Answer 2

7-10 cm

Question 3

The iliopsoas muscle lies what two directions in the body?

Answer 3

Lateral and superior

Question 4

What organ(s) is the iliopsoas located by?

Answer 4

near ovaries, lateral to urinary bladder

Question 5

Vert=

Answer 5

invert/flipped

Question 6

Flex=

Answer 6

bend

Question 7

levator ani muscle is found _____ to the urinary bladder.

Answer 7

lateral and anterior

Question 8

obturator internus is located ___ to the urinary bladder

Answer 8

lateral and inferior

Question 9

name the 4 pelvic bones

Answer 9

sacrum, coccyx, two innominate bones (containing pubis, ischium and ilium)

Question 10

TRUE pelvis muscles

Answer 10

levator ani, obturator internus, piriformis

Question 11

all three of the true pelvis muscles are found _____ in the body.

Answer 11

posteriorly

Question 12

Obturator internus is located ______ in the body

Answer 12

posteriorly, laterally, and inferiorly

Question 13

Uterine size in a child

Answer 13

3 x 2 cm

Question 14

Uterine size in nulliparous

Answer 14

8 x 4 cm

Question 15

uterine size in multiparous

Answer 15

9 x 5

Question 16

Uterine size in post menopausal women

Answer 16

varies

Question 17

gartner’s duct cyst is found

Answer 17

in vagina

Question 18

nabothian cyst is found in

Answer 18

cervix

Question 19

Name 5 Uterine Ligaments

Answer 19

Cardinal
Broad
Round
Ovarian
Mesovarium

Question 20

Name the function of the Cardinal ligament

Answer 20

anchor cervix

Question 21

Name the function and anatomical direction of the Broad Ligament

Answer 21

overlays entire uterus and is found lateral

Question 22

Name the function and anatomical direction of the Round Ligament

Answer 22

attaches uterine corni to anterior wall, found anteriorly and inferiorly

Question 23

Name the function and anatomical direction of the Mesovarium Ligament

Answer 23

connects ovaries to posterior surface of broad ligament, found posteriorly

Question 24

Where is the isthmus of the uterus found?

Answer 24

Between fundus and cervix, where uterus narrows

Question 25

How long is the average cervix

Answer 25

3-4 cm

Question 26

List the 3 ways there would be MD anomalies

Answer 26

1. total/partial atresia 2. failure to fuse correctly 3. failure of septum to disappear

Question 27

What are the three types of vaginal malformations?

Answer 27

1. atresia-absence 2. Septa- transverse septum 3. duplication - two vaginas

Question 28

Uterine Malformation Complete Agenesis

Answer 28

absence of vagina, cervix, tubes, uterus (this tells us that both MD were most likely atresic)

Question 29

Uterine Malformation Partial Agenesis

Answer 29

typically results in unicornuate uterus, one tube

Question 30

Uterine Malformation Uterus didelphys

Answer 30

complete duplication (2 uteri, cervices, vaginas)

Question 31

Uterine Malformation Bicornuate

Answer 31

single vagina, 1 or 2 cervices, 2 endometrial canals (heart shaped) 1 cervix - unicollis 2 cervices - bicollis

Question 32

Uterine Malformation Septate

Answer 32

median septum fails to disappear during development

Question 33

T Shaped Uterus is from what?

Answer 33

exposure to DES in utero

Question 34

How long are fallopian tubes?

Answer 34

7-14 cm

Question 35

3 phases of the endometrium

Answer 35

menses, proliferative and secretory

Question 36

Menses are days __ to __

Answer 36

1-5

Question 37

what does the endometrium measure during menses?

Answer 37

1-5 mm

Question 38

what happens during menses?

Answer 38

superficial layer degenerates, is sloughed off and expelled

Question 39

Proliferative happens during days __ to __

Answer 39

6 to 14

Question 40

what happens during proliferative phase?

Answer 40

regrowth of endometrium in response to estrogen which is released by the ovary

Question 41

what does the endometrium measure during the proliferative phase?

Answer 41

5-8 mm

Question 42

secretory phase happens during days __ to __

Answer 42

15 to 28

Question 43

what happens during secretory phase?

Answer 43

continues to thicken under hormonal influence, becoming nutrient rich

Question 44

what can the endometrium measure up to during the secretory phase?

Answer 44

18 mm

Question 45

hypermenorrhea

Answer 45

excessive menstration volume

Question 46

hypomenorrhea

Answer 46

small amount of bleeding

Question 47

polymenorrhea

Answer 47

frequent periods

Question 48

oligomenorrhea

Answer 48

menstration periods greater than 30 days apart

Question 49

what secretes estrogen in the ovary?

Answer 49

maturing follicles

Question 50

what secretes progesterone in the ovary?

Answer 50

corpus luteum

Question 51

why is the ovary not supposed to be found anteriorly??

Answer 51

because they are attached on the posterior surface of broad ligament by the mesovarium

Question 52

what releases FSH?

Answer 52

Anterior Pituitary

Question 53

what phase releases FSH

Answer 53

follicular phase

Question 54

what releases LH?

Answer 54

anterior pituitary

Question 55

what is mittelschmerz

Answer 55

ovulation pain

Question 56

what are two parts of the granulosa cell

Answer 56

cumulus oophorus and follicular antrum

Question 57

what is the most common location of PID

Answer 57

fallopian tubes

Question 58

parametritis

Answer 58

infection of uterine serosa and broad ligament

Question 59

hematocolpos

Answer 59

blood filled vaginal canal

Question 60

hematometrocolpos

Answer 60

blood in the uterus and vagina

Question 61

what is it called when a fibroid has a sarcomatous change

Answer 61

leiomyosarcoma