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US History Review Cards > GW-GILDED AGE > Flashcards

GW-GILDED AGE Flashcards

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1
Q

Washington’s first Secretary of the Treasury: Founder of the Federalist Party: His financial plan led to the movement of the capital to Washington D.C.

A

Hamilton

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2
Q

Revolt of farmers in Western Pennsylvania: proved the government would enforce the laws it passes

A

Whiskey Rebellion

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3
Q

One of first two political parties; most support from the south; hated tariffs; supported agriculture and the ideas Thomas Jefferson

A

Democratic Republicans

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4
Q

One of the first two political parties; most support from the north; supported tariffs and manufacturing; leader was Alexander Hamilton

A

Federalists

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5
Q

President Washington took this stance concerning the war between Great Britain and France.

A

Neutrality

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6
Q

Gave the US use of the Mississippi River

A

Pinckney’s Treaty

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7
Q

Was supposed to deal with the problem of British impressments but failed

A

Jay’s Treaty

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8
Q

An undeclared naval war between US and France

A

Quasi War

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9
Q

An event surrounding the French demanding bribes from the United States

A

xyz affair

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10
Q

President during XYZ affair and Quasi War

A

Adams

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11
Q

Laws passed by above president to keep people from complaining about him

A

A and S Acts

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12
Q

The idea of nullification was first presented in these documents

A

VA and KY Resolutions

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13
Q

Showed the peaceful transfer of power from one political party to the other

A

Revolultion of 1800

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14
Q

His impeachment showed judges could only be removed for criminal behavior

A

Chase

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15
Q

Established the principle of judicial review

A

Marbury v. Madison

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16
Q

President who acquired the Louisiana Purchase

A

Jefferson

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17
Q

Sent to explore the LA Purchase

A

Lewis and Clark

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18
Q

A group of Federalist that threatened secession over the LA Purchase

A

Essex Junto

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19
Q

Jefferson passed a __________________, halting all trade with Europe

A

Embargo Act

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20
Q

President during the War of 1812

A

Madison

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21
Q

Battle that proved the British were supplying weapons to Native Americans

A

Tippecanoe

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22
Q

Two Native American Leaders at Tippecanoe

A

Tecumseh and the Prophet

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23
Q

Major cause of the War of 1812

A

Impressments

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24
Q

Group of Congressmen that strongly supported entering the War of 1812

A

War Hawks

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25
Q

Led successful naval campaign on Great Lakes during War of 1812

A

Oliver Perry

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26
Q

City burned by the British during the War of 1812

A

Washington D.C.

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27
Q

Major US victory during War of 1812; fought after war was over

A

New Orleans

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28
Q

Hero of Battle of New Orleans

A

Jackson

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29
Q

Ends the War of 1812

A

Treaty of Ghent

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30
Q

Political Party that dies as a result of War of 1812

A

Federalists

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31
Q

Name given to time period after war of 1812: Presidency of James Monroe

A

Era of Good Feelings

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32
Q

Henry Clay’s plan for a nationwide transportation network

A

American System

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33
Q

upheld the constitutionality of “implied powers”

A

McCulloch v. Maryland

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34
Q

Chief Justice of the Supreme Court who greatly increased the power of the federal government over states.

A

Marshall

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35
Q

Gives Florida to the US

A

Adams Onis Treaty

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36
Q

Statement that said “Europe mind your own business and the US will mind theirs”

A

Monroe Doctrine

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37
Q

Connected New York City to the Great Lakes

A

Erie Canal

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38
Q

Perfected the Steamboat

A

Fulton

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39
Q

Inventor of Interchangeable Parts and the Cotton Gin

A

Whitney

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40
Q

First to make instant communication possible

A

Morse

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41
Q

Two slaves that led rebellions in the south

A

Vassey and Turner

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42
Q

The Great Compromiser

A

Clay

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43
Q

Free State according to Missouri Compromise

A

Maine

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44
Q

Slave State according to Missouri Compromise

A

Missouri

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45
Q

Line that Divided Free States from Slave States in the LA Purchase

A

36-30

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46
Q

Name given to the supposed deal between Henry Clay and John Quincy Adams during the Election of 1824

A

Corrupt Bargain

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47
Q

Political Party created to support Andrew Jackson after so-called corrupt bargain.

A

Democrats

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48
Q

Kinds of people AJ swore to help

A

Common

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49
Q

the practice of appointing people to government jobs on the basis of party loyalty and supported; Andrew Jackson was famous for using it

A

Spoils System

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50
Q

The Nullification Crisis erupted over the passage of a ___________________.

A

Tariff

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51
Q

Prior to the election of Andrew Jackson, most states lifted the ______________ requirement to be able to vote.

A

Property

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52
Q

_________________ was the state that threatened to secede over the so called “tariff of abominations.”

A

South Carolina

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53
Q

The court case of ________________________ said that the Cherokee Indians had rights to their land.

A

Worcester v. Georgia

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54
Q

Andrew Jackson ignored theSupreme Court and sent the Indians on the __________________ to Oklahoma.

A

Trail of Tears

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55
Q

As president, Andrew Jackson tried to get rid of the _________________ because he felt it only benefited the wealthy.

A

National Bank

56
Q

During the early 1800’s many _____________________ immigrants came to America. They came to escape a potato famine and tended to settle in cites.

A

IRISH

57
Q

During the early 1800’s many _____________________ immigrants came to America. They usually came with some money and were able to settle in the Midwest.

A

GERMAN

58
Q

______________ is a term that refers to the strong dislike of foreigners.

A

NATIVISM

59
Q

The __________________ was a movement that tried to get Americans to rededicate themselves to God. It was led by Charles G. Finney.

A

SECOND GREAT AWAKENING

60
Q

________________ campaigned for the better treatment of prisoners and the insane.

A

DIX

61
Q

_________________ is credited with starting the public school movement in Massachusetts and the rest of the US.

A

MANN

62
Q

______________ is a synonym for prohibition or the movement to get rid of alcohol.

A

TEMPERANCE

63
Q

The ____________________ is considered the first time women organized themselves in support of suffrage. It was led by ________________ and _______________.

A

SENECA FALLS, MOTT, STANTON

64
Q

____________ was the leading white abolitionist. He wrote “The Liberator,” and focused on making slavery a moral issue.

A

GARRISON

65
Q

_____________________ was an organization formed in support of freeing the slaves and moving them to Liberia.

A

ACS

66
Q

The __________________ were abolitionists that saw first hand the horrors of slavery because they were raised on a plantation.

A

GRIMKE SISTERS

67
Q

_____________ was the leading black abolitionist because of his ability to read and write.

A

DOUGLASS

68
Q

____________________ refers to the idea that God had given the North American continent to Americans and wanted them to settle western land.

A

MANIFEST DESTINY

69
Q

____________________ invented the steel plow, and _______________ invented the mechanical reaper.

A

DEERE, MCCORMICK

70
Q

The ________________ was the most famous overland route from east to west.

A

OREGON TRAIL

71
Q

_______________ is the founder of the Mormon religion, and _______________ leads the Mormons west to _______________ to avoid persecution.

A

SMITH, YOUNG

72
Q

Texas won its independence from the country of _____________________.

A

MEXICO

73
Q

__________________ was president during the Mexican War.

A

POLK

74
Q

Fifty-four Forty or Fight, refers to a boundary dispute between the US and Great Britain over the future state of ___________________.

A

OREGON

75
Q

As a result of the Mexican War, the US permanently gains land that will become the future states of _________________ and _______________.

A

CALIFORNIA TEXAS

76
Q

The _______________________ is name of the compromise that brings California into the Union as a free state.

A

1850

77
Q

________________ is the idea that people living in future states should decide the issue of slavery for themselves.

A

POPULAR SOVEREIGNTY

78
Q

People that opposed the westward expansion of slavery were sometimes called _________________.

A

FREE SOILERS

79
Q

The book __________________ by _________________ is often referred to as a major cause of the Civil War.

A

UNCLE TOM’S CABIN, STOWE

80
Q

______________ was the most famous conductor on the Underground Railroad.

A

TUBMAN

81
Q

The ________________ was a piece of land added to the US in order to build a southern route for the transcontinental railroad.

A

GADSDEN PURCHASE

82
Q

_______________ is a term that refers to the state wide civil war that breaks out in the Midwestern US after popular sovereignty fails in that state.

A

BLEEDING KANSAS

83
Q

____________________ was a Senator that was almost canned to death for giving an anti-slavery speech.

A

SUMMNER

84
Q

The ____________________ was formed in 1854 to oppose the westward expansion of slavery and the Kansas Nebraska Act.

A

REPUBLICAN PARTY

85
Q

The _____________________ was a supreme court case that said that slaves were nothing but property and could be taken into any state at anytime.

A

DRED SCOTT

86
Q

_____________________ tried to capture the federal arsenal at Harpers Ferry and start a slave rebellion.

A

BROWN

87
Q

The election of _____________________ in 1860 causes the first seven states to secede from the Union. __________________ is the first to secede.

A

LINCOLN

88
Q

Northern Advantages during the Civil War

A

INDUSRY, POPULATION, GOVERNMENT

89
Q

Southern Advantages during the Civil War

A

HOMEFIELD, CAUSE, LEADERSHIP

90
Q

The battle of ____________________ is a turning point in the Civil War, because after this battle the Union controlled all of the Mississippi River.

A

VICKSBURG

91
Q

_______________ is considered the turning point of the Civil War, because the south loses more soldiers during this battle than it could ever replace.

A

GETTYSBURG

92
Q

__________________ is president of the Confederate States of America.

A

DAVIS

93
Q

_______________ was the infamous POW camp in the South where thousands of people died during the civil war.

A

ANDERSONVILLE

94
Q

During the Civil War a ________________ referred to a slave state that did not leave the Union.

A

BORDER STATE

95
Q

The _____________________ freed the slaves in the South during the Civil War.

A

EMANCIPATION PROCLAMATION

96
Q

General _________________ introduced total war during his infamous “March to the Sea.”

A

SHERMAN

97
Q

In 1865, Lee surrendered to Grant at _________________________, ending the Civil War.

A

APPOMATTOX COURT HOUSE

98
Q

The period of rebuilding after the Civil War is known as ____________________________.

A

RECONSTRUCTION

99
Q

The group of congressmen led by Thaddeus Stevens and Charles Sumner that wanted to guarantee the right of African Americans to vote were known as the ________________________.

A

RADICAL REPUBLICANS

100
Q

The __________________ was established by the federal government to provide former slaves with food, clothing, shelter, and education after the Civil War.

A

FREEDMAN’S BUREAU

101
Q

_________________________ amendment ended slavery

A

13

102
Q

_________________________ amendment guaranteed citizenship/equal protection to African Americans

A

14

103
Q

_________________________ amendment stated the right to vote could not be denied based on race, color, or previous condition of servitude.

A

14

104
Q

___________________ was the first president to be impeached after he violated the ________________________ Act.

A

JOHNSON, TENURE OF OFFICE ACT

105
Q

___________________ were northerners who moved south after the Civil War

A

CARPETBAGGERS

106
Q

___________________ were owners of small farms that supported republican reforms during Reconstruction

A

SCALAWAGS

107
Q

Reconstruction ended when ____________________ promised to remove ____________ from the south in order to be elected president. This deal is known as the _____________________.

A

HAYES, TROOPS, COMPROMISE OF 1877

108
Q

The invention of _____________________ brings an end to the glory days of the Cowboy in the American West.

A

BARBED WIRE

109
Q

The _____________________ provided 160 acres of free land for anyone willing to move west and live on the land for five years.

A

HOMESTEAD ACT

110
Q

The battle of __________________ is better known as Custer’s Last Stand.

A

LITTLE BIG HORN

111
Q

The battle of _________________ brings an end to Native American resistance to white settlement of the Great Plains region.

A

WOUNDED KNEE

112
Q

With the passage of the ___________________ the federal government attempted to assimilate Native Americans into White culture. It resulted in more alienation than assimilation

A

DAWES ACT

113
Q

____________________ invents the telephone

A

BELL

114
Q

____________________ invents the air breaks

A

WESTINGHOUSE

115
Q

____________________ invents the refrigerated rail car

A

SWIFT

116
Q

____________________ brings electricity into homes and businesses

A

EDISON

117
Q

The two railroads that constructed the transcontinental railroad were the ___________________ and ______________________.

A

UNION PACIFIC AND CENTAL PACIFIC

118
Q

The two groups of immigrants widely used during construction of the transcontinental railroad were the ___________________ and ______________.

A

IRISH AND CHINESE

119
Q

_______________ made a fortune consolidating small railroads after the Civil War.

A

VANDERBILT

120
Q

_______________________ used vertical immigration to create a monopoly in the American steel industry.

A

CARNEGIE

121
Q

___________________ turns the Standard Oil Company into on of the first great trusts in the US.

A

ROCKEFELLER

122
Q

________________ is remembered as a famous business consolidator of the post-Civil War industrial period.

A

MORGAN

123
Q

_____________________ was a union that organized unskilled workers; it relayed on ____________ because of its inability to strike

A

KNIGHTS OF LABOR, BOYCOTTS

124
Q

the __________________ riot ruins the reputation of the Knights of Labor

A

HAYMARKET SQUARE

125
Q

___________________ was a union that could strike successfully because it only organized skilled workers.

A

AFL

126
Q

Many European Immigrants were processed through ______________________ and many Asian Immigrants were processed through _______________________.

A

ELLIS ISLAND, ANGEL ISLAND

127
Q

_________________________ referred to organizations in cities that provided immigrants with food, shelter, and jobs, in exchange for votes.

A

POLITICAL MACHINES

128
Q

___________________ was the head of the infamous Tammany Hall Machine.

A

TWEED

129
Q

____________________ refers to the theory that only the fittest members of society should survive and prosper.

A

SOCIAL DARWINISM

130
Q

Andrew Carnegie developed the theory of the ____________________; meaning the wealthy should give away large portions of their fortunes to charity.

A

GOSPEL OF WEALTH

131
Q

_________________ starts one of the most famous settlement houses in America known as ___________________, to help immigrants.

A

JANE ADDAMS, HULL HOUSE

132
Q

The assassination of President Garfield brings an end to the ___________________ as a means of awarding government jobs. After the assassination, the federal government passes the __________________ which creates the ________________________ to award government jobs based on merit and test scores.

A

SPOILS SYSTEM, PENDLETON ACT, CIVIL SERVICE SYSTEM

133
Q

The _________________________ was the first attempt of the federal government to regulate the railroad industry.

A

INTERSTATE COMMERCE COMMISSION

134
Q

The _______________________ was the first attempt of the federal government to regulate businesses like Rockefeller’s Standard Oil Company.

A

SHERMAN ANTI TRUST ACT

135
Q

The ________________ was an organization and the _______________ was a political party formed to help farmers in the late 1800’s.

A

GRANGE, POPULIST PARTY

136
Q

____________________ told African Americans to focus on education in order to earn equality

A

WASHINGTON, BOOKER T.

137
Q

___________________ told African Americans to focus on gaining legal rights to earn equality; founds the _________________ to help African Americans fight for legal equality

A

DUBOIS

US History Review Cards (6 decks)

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