gut microbiota

Question 1

why does bacterial population increase down GIT?

Answer 1

increase in anaerobic conditions

Question 2

facultative anaerobes bacteria?

Answer 2

grow in presence of o2 and without

Question 3

obligate anaerobes bacteria?

Answer 3

cannot grow in prescence of o2

Question 4

why different types of bacteria along GIT?

Answer 4

due to different conditions (o2 conc. , pH, different transit times

Question 5

what functions of gut microbiota? 5

Answer 5

metabolism of dietary components
defence against pathogens
development of immune system 
production of essential metabolites to maintain health
host signalling

Question 6

bacteria form short chain fatty acids (3) - what n in what ratio?

Answer 6

1 - butyrate
1 - propionate
3- acetate

Question 7

affect of a diverse balanced diet on gut bacteria?

Answer 7

a diverse balanced microbiota

Question 8

microbial composition in body over life?

Answer 8

changes and not fixed

Question 9

gut microbiota changes with what?

Answer 9

age and diet

Question 10

what metabolites produced by bacteria help in host signalling and how?

Answer 10

SCFA

signalling molecules that trigger hormone release into blood

Question 11

how does bacteria prevent pathogen colonisation?

Answer 11

lowering pH, CREATING PHYSICAL BARRIER,

pRODUCE ACTIVE COMPOUNDS TO KILL incoming pathogens

Question 12

changes in gut microbiota associated with?

Answer 12

disease

Question 13

how does antibiotics affect gut microbiota?

Answer 13

affect growth and survival of bacteria and change composition - reuse diversity (due to selection pressure)

Question 14

probiotics?

Answer 14

added live bacteria

Question 15

probiotics for?

Answer 15

treating symptoms of some disease

Question 16

issue with antiobiotics?

Answer 16

kill pathogenic bacteria ASWELL AS resident bacteria that are protective and important for health

Question 17

prebiotics?

Answer 17

substrate/food for resident bacteria in gut