Gut L1 Flashcards

1
Q

what is the function of the mucous neck cell?

A
  • secretes mucus
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what is the function of the surface mucous cell?

A

secretes mucus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what is the function of the parietal cell?

A

secretes HCl and intrinsic factor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what is the function of the chief cell?

A

secretes pepsinogen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what is the function of the

G cell?

A

secretes hormone GASTRIN

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what is the length of the small intestine

A

6m

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

where is the submucosal plexus located?

A

between circular muscle and sub mucosa

  • controls SECRETION by GI tract
  • main sensory neuron for SECRETION is CHEMORECEPTORS
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

where is the myenteric plexus located

the main sensory neuron for motility is what

A

between the 2 muscle layers

  • controls MOTILITY, FREQ and STRENGTH of GI tract contraction
  • the main sensory neuron for motility is DISTENSION
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what is the role of Brunner’s gland

where is it

A

bicarbonate sectretion

in the jejunum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what is the effect of coeliacs disease

A
  • low in microvilli O less absorption (20x)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Crohns disease can lead to what

A

short bowel syndrome if some of the bowel is surgicallly removed O not enough s.a to absorb nutriets

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

describe the duodenum

the duodenum is how much

A

the first 12cm of s. i

  • has a high vol of food
  • high conc of nutrients
  • highly vascularised O appears red
  • cont Brunner’s glands
  • cont plicae (additional folding)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

describe the jejunum

A
  • cont Brunners glands
  • highly vascularised O dark appearabce
  • long villi, large s.a
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

describe the ileum

A
  • part of s.i that joins to l. int
  • paler appearance
  • Peyer’s patches (lymphatics)
  • short villi O smaller s.a
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

enterocytes are what type of cell?

A

absorbative cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what are tight junctions?

give exaples of the proteins involded

A
  • cells joined together by projections of cell membrane
  • occludin and claudin proteins
  • decrease permeability
17
Q

what is the role of hormones in the gut

A
  • control secretions
  • control motility
  • feedback to hypothalamus for control
18
Q

endocrine cells of the gut can be what?

A

open
- clear connection to gut lumen ( eg for pH, glucose presence)

closed
- no connection to gut lumen but still respons to diet to release hormones

19
Q

whata re the properties of an endocrine cell in the gut

A
  • highly polarised (hormone containing secretory granules towards basal pole of cell
  • close to CAPILLARY network of lamina propria
  • close to ENTERIC NS, has receptors for NEURAL MODULATION
20
Q

hormone secretion in the gut is controlled by what?

A

1) the contact with nutrients which increases blood levels

2) by triggering the enteric NS

21
Q

where are Peyer’s patches?

A
  • in the LAMINA PROPRIA
  • catch microorganisms and other antigens
  • uses DENDRITIC CELLS, B-LYMPHOCYTES & T- LYMPHOCYTES
  • covered by MICROFOLD cells which lack microvilli
  • M cells sample antigen directly from lumen, deliver ti to antigen presenting cells
  • gut associated lymphoid tissue
22
Q

in the colon longitudinal musc is in how many bands? what is it called?

A
  • 3 bands
23
Q

which is the only oart of GI that cont skeletal muscle?

A
  • colon (external muscle sphincter)
24
Q

what kind of folding is found in in the colon

A
  • basolateral folding
25
Q

everything absorbed goes where

A
  • liver
    (hepatic portal)
    EXCEPT LIPIDS go to lacteal