Gut Development: Peritoneum and Peritoneal Cavity

Question 1

What is the alimentary canal?

Answer 1

the tube that goes from the mouth to the anus that food passes through

Question 2

What are the organs of the alimentary canal?

Answer 2

esophagus, stomach, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, appendix, cecum, ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid colon, rectum

Question 3

What are the accessory digestive organs?

Answer 3

spleen, liver, galbladder, pancreas

Question 4

Where are all accessory digestive organs derived from?

Answer 4

foregut

Question 5

What are the three segments of the gut tube?

Answer 5

foregut, midgut, hindgut

Question 6

What alimentary organs are derived from the foregut?

Answer 6

esophagus, stomach, and first 1/2 of duodenum

Question 7

What alimentary organs are derived from the midgut?

Answer 7

second 1/2 of duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum, appendix, ascending colon, and 2/3 of transverse colon

Question 8

What alimentary organs are derived from the hindgut?

Answer 8

1/3 of transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid colon, and rectum

Question 9

Where is the foregut/midgut transition?

Answer 9

half way through the duodenum

Question 10

Where is the midgut/hindgut transition?

Answer 10

2/3 way through transverse colon

Question 11

What branch of aorta supplies the foregut derivatives?

Answer 11

celiac artery

Question 12

What branch of aorta supplies the midgut derivatives?

Answer 12

superior mesenteric artery

Question 13

What branch of the aorta supplies the hindgut derivatives?

Answer 13

inferior mesenteric artery

Question 14

Where are the preganglionic cell bodies for the foregut located?

Answer 14

T5-T9

Question 15

Where are the preganglionic cell bodies for midgut located?

Answer 15

T9-T12

Question 16

Where are the preganglionic cell bodies for hindgut located?

Answer 16

T12-L2

Question 17

What nerve supplies sympathetic innervation of the foregut?

Answer 17

greater splanchnic nerve

Question 18

What nerve supplies sympathetic innervation of the midgut?

Answer 18

lesser/least splanchnic nerves

Question 19

What nerve supplies sympathetic innervation of the hindgut?

Answer 19

least/lumbar splanchnic nerves

Question 20

What prevertebral ganglion supplies the foregut? (sympathetic)

Answer 20

celiac

Question 21

What prevertebral ganglion supplies the midgut? (sympathetic)

Answer 21

superior mesenteric/intermesenteric

Question 22

What prevertebral ganglion supplies the hingut? (sympathetic)

Answer 22

inferior mesenteric/intermesenteric

Question 23

What artery do postganglionic axons follow in foregut?

Answer 23

celiac artery

Question 24

What artery do postganglionic axons follow in midgut?

Answer 24

superior mesenteric artery

Question 25

What nerve do postganglionic axons follow in hindgut?

Answer 25

inferior mesenteric artery

Question 26

Where are preganglionic cell bodies for the foregut?

Answer 26

brainstem

Question 27

Where are preganglionic cell bodies for the midgut?

Answer 27

brainstem

Question 28

Where are preganglionic cell bodies for the hindgut?

Answer 28

S2-S4

Question 29

What nerve supplies the parasympathetic innervation for the foregut?

Answer 29

vagus nerve

Question 30

What nerve supplies the parasympathetic innervation for the midgut?

Answer 30

vagus nerve

Question 31

What nerve supplies the parasympathetic innervation for the hindgut?

Answer 31

pelvic splanchnic nerve

Question 32

Where are the parasympathetic ganglia of the foregut?

Answer 32

organ walls

Question 33

What nerve supplies the parasympathetic innervation for the midgut?

Answer 33

organ walls

Question 34

What nerve supplies the parasympathetic innervation for the hindgut?

Answer 34

organ walls

Question 35

What is the peritoneum?

Answer 35

thin layer of tissue that secretes a little fluid to decrease the surface area

Question 36

What supply the somatic sensory innervation of the body wall?

Answer 36

intercostal nerves

Question 37

Is the peritoneum pain sensitive?

Answer 37

the parietal peritoneum is

Question 38

What layer of the peritoneum is on the body wall?

Answer 38

parietal peritoneum

Question 39

What layer of the peritoneum is on the organs themselves?

Answer 39

visceral peritoneum

Question 40

What is the mesentary?

Answer 40

the bridge between visceral and parietal peritoneum

Question 41

Where does the gut tube begin developing?

Answer 41

in the posterior abdominal wall

Question 42

Is the visceral peritoneum pain sensitive?

Answer 42

no it is pain insensitive

Question 43

What are the two functions of the mesentary ?

Answer 43

1. suspend organs 2. conduit for nerves, blood vessels, and lymphatics

Question 44

What does it mean if an organ is secondarily retroperitoneal?

Answer 44

start as mesenteric organs and then fall back onto the body wall and one of the layers of peritoneal disappears

Question 45

What do all of the gut organs start as?

Answer 45

mesenteric

Question 46

Is gut organs fall back and become retroperitoneal, what is that called?

Answer 46

secondarily retroperitoneal

Question 47

What are primary retroperitoneal organs?

Answer 47

ones that are not in the digestive tract (kidneys, aorta, other things)