Gut development Flashcards
What are the main weeks of gut development?
Weeks 4 - 8
Define Atresia
Blockage of a tube
Define Stenosis
Narrowing of a tube
What attaches the stomach to the body wall
Ventral and dorsal mesogastrium
Where does the liver but originate?
Ventral or dorsal mesogastrium
Ventral mesogastrium
What structure forms the greater omentum?
Dorsal mesogastrium
From how many buds does the pancreas form
2 buds; tail and head develop separately
From what structures do the head and tail portions of the pancreas develop?
Head from ventral mesogastrium
Tail from dorsal mesogastrium
Why does the left Vagus nerve sit on the anterior face of the stomach?
Left Vagus nerve originally runs down the left side of the stomach
It ir rotated 90* with the stomach during dilation and rotation phase of development
From which germ layer do the visceral organs develop
Mesoderm
From which germ layer do the epithelia and glands of the GI develop?
Endoderm
From which structure does the liver bud develop?
Ventral mesogastrium
Does the main pancreatic duct originate from the head or tail bud?
Head of the pancreas, developed from the ventral mesogastrium, gives rise to the main pancreatic duct.
Accessory pancreatic duct from the tail portion is present in 10% population
Which portion of the developing GI tract is still connected to the yolk sac via the yolk stalk?
Midgut
Which artery supplies the foregut?
Celiac Trunk
Which artery supplies the midgut?
Superior mesenteric artery
Which artery suplies the hindgut?
Inferior mesenteric artery
What are the 2 main processes in midgut development?
Elongation and rotation
Such elongation that herniation occurs into the umbilical cord
Total rotation of the duodenum is approx. 270*
Where does the foregut start and end in the embryo & adult?
Embryo;
Oropharyngeal membrane
Liver outgrowth
Adult;
Mouth
Bile duct, duodenum
Where does the midgut start and end in the embryo and adult?
Embryo;
Liveroutgrowth
Distal 3rd of transverse colon
Adult;
Bile duct, duodenum
Distal 3rd of transverse colon
Where does the hindgut start and end in the embryo and adult?
Embryo;
Distal 3rd transverse colon
Colacal membrane
Adult;
Distal 3rd transverse colon
Rectum
What is the boundary between the endoderm and the ectoderm in the hind gut?
Cloacal membrane
What separates the allantois from the hindgut in the cloaca?
Urorectal septum
The urorectal septum separates the cloaca into 2 parts; ventral and dorsal.
What structures develop in each part?
Ventral
Urogenital sinus. Bladder and urethral parts.
Dorsal
Anal canal & rectum.
What is the Allantois?
Part of the hidgut protruding through the umbilical stalk
From what structure does the median ubillical ligament and umbilical arteries & veins develop?
Allantois
In which weeks do the herniated intestines return to the abdomen?
Weeks 11-12
What is the name for the primordial mouth?
Stomodenum
What is the name for the anal pit in development?
Proctodenum
Blood supply to the anal cannal is different for the proximal 2/3rd and the distal 3rd. What are they?
Proximal 2/3rd; inferior mesenteric artery
Distal 3rd; inferior rectal arteries
This part of the rectum is of ectodermal origin
