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Gynae > GUM > Flashcards

GUM Flashcards

0
Q

What is an endocervial swab used for?

A

Gonorrhoea (and chlamydia)

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1
Q

Name two infections that commonly present to GUM that are not strictly STIs ..

A

Bacterial vaginosis

Thrush

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2
Q

What is a high vaginal swab used for?

A

TV BV Thrush

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3
Q

What is the treatment for BV?

A

Metronidazole 2g PO one off dose
Or
500mg for 5-7 days - this is a better dose if breast feeding to avoid large dose
Advice against soap or douching

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4
Q

If a woman has assymptomatic BV would you treat it?

A

Only if preganant or undergoing a TOP

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5
Q

What might cause you to have a strawberry cervix?

A

Trichomniasis - due to small petichie haemorrhages

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6
Q

What are the risk factors for candidiasis?

A

Pregnancy
Diabetes
Antibiotics

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7
Q

What is the treatment for candidiasis?

A

Fluconazole 150mg single dose

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8
Q

If there is a white discharge but the vagina is not red and irritated do you think thrush or BV?

A

BV

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9
Q

What causes the fishy odour in BV

A

Amines from bacterial proteolysis

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10
Q

What causes BV?

A

An overgrowth of anaerobic bacteria in the vagina

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11
Q

Name some bacteria that cause BV?

A

Gardnerella
Prevotella
Mycoplasma hominis

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12
Q

How common is BV?

A

5-12% although many assymptomatic

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13
Q

BV is ‘sexually associated’ what does this mean?

A

More common in those who are sexually active but not sexually transmitted

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14
Q

What might you see on microscopy in a lady with BV?

A

Clue cells

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15
Q

In BV what is the vaginal pH?

A

Over 4.5

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15
Q

What substance is added to elicit a fishy odour from vaginal secretions with BV?

A

Potassium hydroxide

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16
Q

What bacteria normally predominate in the vagina?

A

Lactobacilli

17
Q

What can BV cause in pregnancy?

A

Pre term labour

18
Q

Why symptoms might a woman get with chlamydia?

A

Pain when passing urine

Vaginal discharge

19
Q

What are the complications of chlamydia?

A

PID
Tubal factor infertility
Chronic pelvic pain

(Reiters syndrome)

20
Q

What is te treatment for chlamydia?

A

Azirhromycin 1g stat

21
Q

What is the treatment for gonorrhoea?

A

Azithromycin 1g stat

Ceftriaxone 500mg IM

22
Q

What is NAAT?

A

Neucleic acid amplification test

23
Q

What is the first choice of test for gonorrhoea and chlamydia?

A

NAAT

24
Q

What is the flagellated protozoan that causes an STI?

A

Trichomniasis vaginalis

25
Q

What STI is causes by a gram negative diplococci?

A

Neisseria gonnhorrea

26
Q

How soon after getting gonnhorrea to men get symptoms?

A

3-5 days

27
Q

What signs do you get in disseminated gonnhorrea?

A

Pyrexia
Vasculitis rash
Polyarthritis

28
Q

What might a cobble stone cervix indicate?

A

Chlamydia

29
Q

If a woman with chlamydia gets RUQ pain and tenderness what might have happened?

A

Infection has ascended and causes a peri hepatitis

30
Q

Name 2 anaerobic flora?

A

Gardnerella vaginalis

Mycoplasma hominis

31
Q

What is pelvic inflammatory disease?

A

Infection of uterus, Fallopian tubes, and ovaries

32
Q

If PID goes untreated what are the complications?

A

Infertility
Ectopic preganacy
Absess formation
Chronic pelvic pain

33
Q

How many weeks after IUCD insertion is there a risk of PID?

A

3 weeks

34
Q

What are the risk factors of PID?

A

STI
TOP
IUD instertion

35
Q

What symptoms suggest PD?

A

Lower abdo pain
Deep dysparunia
Abnormal vaginal bleeding
Purilent discharge

36
Q

What are the signs of PID?

A

Lowe abdo tenderness
Mycopurulent discharge
Cervical motion/ adnexal tenderness
Fever above 38

Positive swabs

37
Q

What antibiotics would you use to treat PID?

A

Ceftriaxone IM
Doxycycline PO
Metronidazole PO
Take them for 14 days (except ceftriaxone which is a one off)

38
Q

In PID in pregnancy what you you replace the doxycycline with?

A

Erythromycin

39
Q

What are the causes of post coital bleeding?

A 
Chlamydia/ gonorrhoea
Polyp
CIN
Malignancy 
Ectropian
40
Q

What is a NGU in men?

A

Non gonococcal urethritis

41
Q

What are the causes of NGU?

A 
Chlamydia 
Trichomniasis 
UTI
Herpes 
Adenovirus

Gynae (6 decks)

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