Guillian Barre' Flashcards

1
Q

Definition of Guillian Barre syndrome

A
  1. autoimmune disorder affecting the peripheral nervous systen
  2. rapidly progressive ascending polyneuropathy
  3. Triggered by acute infectious process + usually post infectious
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2
Q

Pathophysiology

A
  1. Infections with
    - Campylobacter jejuni
    - Cytomegalovirus
  2. Trigger cell mediated autoimmune response against the myelin of the peripheral neurons of the PNS
  3. Peripheral nerve damage
  4. Symptoms appear 2 - 4 weeks after a diarrhoeal or URT infection
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3
Q

Clinical features of PNS

A
  1. Weakness and sensory loss in proximal limb muscles
  2. Parasthesia in upper extremities
  3. Facial muscles become weak
    - drooling or complete paralysis.
  4. Autonomic features;
    - Respiratory depression
    - Arrythmia
    - Increasing heart rate
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4
Q

Investigations

A
  1. CSF protein is elevated but cell count and glucose was normal
  2. Nerve conduction studies show elements of demyelination polyneuropathy
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5
Q

Management

A
  1. Ventilatory support may be required/monitor cardiac arrythmias
  2. IV immunogobulin given within the first 2 weeks to reduce duration and severity of paralysis
  3. LMW heparin and compression stockings to reduce risk of VTE
  4. Physiotherapy
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6
Q

Outcome

A

1, Most patients make a full recovery although this could take upto 18 months

  1. 5% mortality
  2. 30% disabled
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