Cranial nerves ( 7-12) Flashcards
1
Q
Cranial nerve VII
A
Facial nerve
2
Q
Function of cranial nerve VII
A
- supplies the muscles of facial expression
2. taste from the anterior 2/3 of the tongue
3
Q
Upper motor neuron lesion of CN VII
A
- weakness of the lower part of the face
- sparing the forehead and eye closure
4
Q
Lower motor neuron lesion of CN VII
A
- weakness of all facial muscles on the affected side
5
Q
Causes of upper motor neuron lesion of CN VII
A
- Stroke
- Multiple sclerosis
- Brain tumor
6
Q
Causes of lower motor neuron lesion of CN VII
A
- most commonly causes by bell’s palsy
- Herpes zoster infection
- Sarcoidosis
- Guillian Barre syndrome
7
Q
Bell’s palsy
A
- acute
- unilateral
- lower motor neurone facial weakness
- pain or discomfort behind the ipsilateral ear
- full spontaneous recovery occurs in 90% of the cases but may take 9 months
- oral prednisolone increases likelihood of full recovery
- Eye protection is important as weakness of eyelid closure can cause corneal abrasions
8
Q
Cranial nerve VII
A
- carries auditory fibres from cochlea
2. carries vestibular fibres from semicircular canals for balance
9
Q
causes of Cranial nerve VII palsy
A
- Stroke
- Multiple sclerosis
- Trauma
- Acoustic neuroma
10
Q
Cranial nerve VII palsy
A
- sensorineuronal deafness
- tinnitus
- vertigo
- nystagmus
11
Q
Cranial nerve IX
A
Glassopharyngeal nerve
12
Q
Cranial nerve IX function
A
- sensation to the pharynx
2. taste to the posterior third of the tongue
13
Q
Cranial nerve X
A
Vagus nerve
14
Q
Cranial nerve X function
A
- motor supply to the pharynx, larynx and upper oesophagus
15
Q
Bulbar palsy
A
- both CNIX and CNX are affected togather
clinical features reflect impairment of pharyngeal control and swallowing - Bulbar palsy (lower motor neurone lesion)
- nasal speech
- dysphagia with nasal regurgitation
- ‘weak’ bovine cough
- wasted tongue
- absent gag reflex