GU System Meds

Question 1

G nitrofurandantoin

B Macrodantin

Answer 1

broad spectrum urinary antiseptic, bacteriostatic & bactericidal

For acute lower UTI & prophylaxis for recurrent UTIs; give w/food

SE: darkening of urine; rash, H/A, dizziness; peripheral neuropathy

Question 2

G TMP-SMZ

B Bactrim, Septra

Answer 2

broad spectrum bacteriostatic & bacteriacidal; SMZ a sulfa drug

SE: can cause crystaluria so keep pt well hydrated; can cause blood dyscrasias; also kernicterus in newborn so avoid in pregnancy

Question 3

G phenazopyridine

B Pyridium

Answer 3

Urinary analgesic; for relief of pain, burning r/t lower urinary tract mucosal irritation

Only use for 2 days if antibiotic is used;

SE: GI disturb, rash; turns urine reddish orange, stains fabric

Question 4

G bethanechol

B Urecholine

Answer 4

Bladder muscle stimulant; promotes bladder contraction, emptying (cholinergic effect)

Tx of urinary retention;

SE: (due to choliner-gic/muscarinic effects) decrease BP, decrease P, increase salivation, diarrhea, bronchoconstriction, asthma flare-up

Question 5

G oxybutynin

B Ditropan

Answer 5

Bladder muscle relaxant, anti-spasmodic (anticholinergic effect)

Tx of OAB;

SE: (due to anticholinergic/ antimuscarinic effects) dry mouth, dry eyes & blurred vision, constipation; urinary retention

Question 6

G solifenacin

B VESIcare

Answer 6

Bladder muscle relaxant, anti-spasmodic (anticholinergic effect)

Tx of OAB;

SE: (due to anticholinergic/ antimuscarinic effects) dry mouth, dry eyes & blurred vision, constipation; urinary retention

Question 7

G finasteride

B Proscar; Propecia

Answer 7

Androgen inhibitor; for tx of BPH (also, hair regrowth stimulant)

Decreases PSA levels, so monitor PSA level prior to starting tx (increased PSA levels could r/t pros-tate CA)

SE: ED

Question 8

G dutasteride

B Avodart

Answer 8

Androgen inhibitor; for tx of BPH

Decreases PSA levels, so monitor PSA level prior to starting tx (increased PSA levels could r/t pros-tate CA)

SE: ED, gynecomastia

Question 9

G tamsulosin

B Flomax

Answer 9

Alpha blocker, relaxes smooth muscle of bladder neck, urethra; for tx of BPH

Decreases dynamic obstruction of urethra in BPH pt;

SE: orthostatic hypotension, dizziness

Question 10

G sidenafil

B Viagra

Answer 10

Erectile dysfunction agent

Avoid if taking nitrates (can cause dangerous drop in BP)

SE: H/A, flushing, decreased BP, priapism

Question 11

G allopurinol

B Zyloprim

Answer 11

Anti-hyperuricemic, anti-gout; decreases uric acid (urates)

Helps prevent uric acid crystallization in urinary system; use w/increased fluid intake; to help keep urine alkaline; avoid ASA

SE: rash, fever (D/C med)

Question 12

G furosemide

B Lasix

Answer 12

Loop diuretic; produces strong diuresis; for tx of HTN, HF

Enc high K+ foods

SE: dehydration, hypotension; diarrhea, hypokalemia w/weakness, muscle/leg cramping

Question 13

G spironolactone

B Aldactone

Answer 13

K+ sparing diuretic, aldosterone antagonist; cause mild diuresis; used in tx of HTN, HF

SE: H/A, hyperkalemia w/weakness

Question 14

G potassium chloride

B K-Dur

Answer 14

Oral potassium replacement supplement

Assess for hypokalemia, hyperkalemia (labs; weakness, fatigue, dysrhythmias. Note additional precautions for KCl IV administration