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Bot Med > GU System > Flashcards

GU System Flashcards

1
Q

Achillea millefolium - actions

A 
Alterative
Vulnerary
Anti-microbial
Astringent (hemostatic)
Diaphoretic
Anti-inflammatory
Vascular tonic
Diuretic (possibly resulting from alterative action)
Maybe: anti-spasmodic, hepatic
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2
Q

Achillea millefolium - Indications

A 
Fevers
Hypertension
Hepatic congestion
Hemorrhoids
Menorrhagia
Cystitis (and other UTIs)
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3
Q

Achillea millefolium - Cautions

A

Non-toxic
Possible asteracea/compositae sensitivity/allergy
Preg B3, Lac CC

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4
Q

Agathosma (Barosma) betulina - actions

A

Anti-septic (d/t EO content)

Diuretic (mild)

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5
Q

Agathosma (Barosma) betulina - Indicaitons

A

Inflammation and infections of the lower urinary tract: Urethritis, cystitis, prostatits
Dysuria

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6
Q

Agathosma (Barosma) betulina - Cautions

A

None
A/E: GI irritation (if taken on empty stomach). Urine may turn brown and develop a new odor (d/t VO diosphenol)
Preg B2, Lac CC

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7
Q

Agrimonia eupatoria - actions

A 
Astringent
Diuretic
GU tonic
Bitter (GIT)
Anti-spasmodic
Possible: Anti-microbial, immunomodulator, immunostimulatory activity
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8
Q

Agrimonia eupatoria - Indications

A 
Cystitis
Urinary incontinence
Renal calculi
Diarrhea (esp children)
Gastroduodentitis (Chronic)
Mucous colitis
Appendicitis
Pharyngitis (gargle)
Chronic nasopharyngeal catarrh
Cutaneous porphyria
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9
Q

Agrimonia eupatoria - Cautions

A

May cause hypotension in high doses and hypertension in low doses
AE: none
Interactions: Hypertensive, hypotensive medications. Anti-coagulant therapy. Alkaloid containing substances.
Pregnancy: possibly safe; Lactation possibly safe

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10
Q

Agropyron repens - actions

A

Diuretic (soothing, weak)
Urinary demulcent
Possibly: AI, anti-microbial, prostatic tonic

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11
Q

Agropyron repens - indications

A 
UTI
Irritable bladder
Prostatitis
BPH
Urinary calculi
May be beneficial for early nephritis
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12
Q

Agropyron repens - Cautions

A

Cautions: Use with potassium depleting diuretics (risk is theoretical)
Preg B2, Lactation C

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13
Q

Althea officinalis - actions

A

demulcent
AI
Diuretic (mild)
Topically: emollient, vulnerary

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14
Q

Althea officinalis - indications

A 
Gastritis
peptic ulceration
cough
inflammation of the upper respiratory tract
Cystitis
Urinary gravel
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15
Q

Althea officinalis - Cautions

A

Interaction: may slow absorption of other drugs/botanicals if taking simultaneously
Preg B2, Lac C

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16
Q

Arctostaphylos uva-ursi - Actions

A 
Urinary anti-septic
Astringent
Diuretic (actually aquaretic)
Anti-inflammatory
Anti-lithic?
GU sedative
Demulcent
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17
Q

Arctostaphylos uva-ursi - Indications

A

Acute/recurrent infections

Other infectious conditions: BPH, renal calculi

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18
Q

Arctostaphylos uva-ursi - CI

A 
KI dz
pregnancy
lactation
use in children
B/c high levels of tannins: constipation, iron deficiency anemia, malnutrition
Preg C, Lac SD
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19
Q

Arcotstaphylos uva-ursi - Cautions

A

Long term use (tannins)
Inflammed or ulcerated conditions of GIT
A/E: Irritation of mouth and GIT

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20
Q

Arctostaphylos uva-ursi - Interactions

A

Take away from oral thiamine, metal ions, alkaloids

May increase effectiveness of certain antibiotics. May also augment AI activity of steroid meds

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21
Q

Chimaphila umbellata - actions

A

Anti-microbial
Renal tonic
Diuretic

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22
Q

Chimaphila umbellata - Indications

A

GU irritation
Cystitis with catarrh/mucous or catarrh of the bladder/urine with offensive urine, dysuria
Prostatic irritation (chronic) with discharge, catarrh

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23
Q

Chimaphila umbellata - cautions

A

CI/Cautions/AE/Interactions: see A. uva-ursi

Preg possibly safe, Lac possibly safe

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24
Q

Collinsonia canadensis - actions

A

Anti-lithic, litholytic
Diuretic
Diaphoretic (mild)
Demulcent?

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25
Q

Collinsonia canadensis - Indications

A

Treatment and prevention of urinary gravel

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26
Q

Collinsonia canadensis - Cautions

A

Preg ND, Lac ND

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27
Q

Dioscorea villosa - actions

A 
Anti-spasmodic
AI
Anti-rheumatic
Nervine relaxant
Osteogenic
Diaphoretic (mild)
Cholagogue
Possibly hepatic, hepatoprotective
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28
Q

Dioscorea villosa - indications

A 
Bilious colic
Spasmodic conditions of GIT
RA (acute phase)
Dysmenorrhea
Ovarian neuralgia
Possibly PMS, perimenopause, fibroids
GU conditions (where AS indicated)
Possibly anti-proliferative with certain cancers
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29
Q

Dioscorea villosa - cautions

A

Long term use in those with pre-existing renal dz, pregnancy (except during labour)
A/E: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea

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30
Q

Echinacea spp - actions

A 
Immunomodulator
Immunostimulator
Depurative
AI
Vulnerary 
Lymphatic
sialogogue
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31
Q

Echinacea spp - Indications

A 
RTI
infections
septicemia
boils
abscesses
Syphilis (root)
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32
Q

Echinacea spp - cautions

A

CI: immunosuppressed patients
Cautions: autoimmune dz, contact dermatitis
Preg A, Lac C

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33
Q

Echinacea spp - A/E

A

GI upset, unpleasant taste, increased salivation, tingling of tongue, contact dermatitis, leucopenia, erythema nodosum (rare)

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34
Q

Echinacea spp - Interactions

A

Immunosuppressant medications

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35
Q

Equisetum arvense - actions

A

Diuretic
Astringent (urinary)
May be vulnerary

36
Q

Equisetum arvense - indications

A 
Nocturnal enuresis
BPH
Prostate inflammation
Edema
UB irritation
Cystitis
Hematuria
Rheumatism
Wounds (topically)
37
Q

Equisetum arvense - Cautions

A

Hypertension, CV disease b/c it may increase K+ excretion (b/c diuretic action)
Chronic use may l/t B1 def
Preg Safe, Lac likely safe

38
Q

Eupatorium purpureum - Actions

A 
Possibly AI
Diuretic
Anti-lithic
Anti-rheumatic
Astringent?
39
Q

Eupatorium purpureum - Indications

A

UB incontinence (dysuria with frequency) and irritation
May help to dissolve stones in urine (hematuria may also be present)
Dropsy (edema) with renal insufficiency due to diuretic action
Historically used for threatened abortion

40
Q

Eupatorium pupureum - catuions

A

Belongs to asteracea/compositae family.

Preg likely safe, Lac likely safe

41
Q

Hydrangea arborescens - actions

A

anti-lithic
Diuretic
Possibly demulcent?
renal sedative

42
Q

Hydrangea arborescens - Indications

A

Inflammation of the UB, urethra
Renal calculi, inflamed/enlarged prostate
TCM: helps to resolve damp in GU system

43
Q

Hydrangea arborescens - Cautions

A

Preg B2, Lac C

44
Q

Hydrastis canadensis - actions

A 
Anti-hemorrhagic
Anti-catarrhal
Anti-microbial
Bitter tonic
AI
Depurative
Vulnerary
Choleretic
Oxytocic?
45
Q

Hydrastis canadensis - Indications

A 
Dermatitis (incl psoriasis)
Dyspepsia
Gastritis
GI infections
Pepetic ulcer
Colitis
Anorexia
Menorrhagia
Dysmenorrhea
Sinusitis
Mucosal inflammations
Possibly UTI
46
Q

Hydrastis canadensis - Cautions

A

CI: Preg (except to induce labour), hypertension (berberine), jaundiced neonates
Cautions: Chronic use may deplete B vitamins (decrease absorption)
Preg C, Lac SD

47
Q

Hydrastis canadensis - Interactions

A

Drugs which displace the protein binding of bilirubin

48
Q

Hydrastis canadensis - OD

A

Mouth throat and gastric irritation –> convulsions

Berberine: Dizziness, n,v, epitaxis, dyspnea, skin, eye, GI, GU (nephritis), irritation/inflammation

49
Q

Juniperus communis - actions

A 
Anti-microbial (bacteriostatic, anti-septic, affinity for GU)
Diuretic
u-sedative
Possibly anti-lithic action
Carminative?
50
Q

Juniperus communis - indications

A

Cystitis (any UTI)
Renal atonia
Others: flatulence

51
Q

Juniperus communis - Cautions

A

CI: quite stimulating to kidney nephrons TF avoid use with compromised kidney function. Pregnancy Lactation
Cautions: Avoid use >6 wks
Preg X, Lac X?

52
Q

Juniperus communis - AE

A

AE: topical irritant
Interactions: Lithium
Toxicity: Pain near kidneys, urgency, dysuria, diuresis, albuminuria, hematuria, purplish urine, tachycardia, HTN, convulsions (rare), menorrhagia abortion

53
Q

Piper methysticum - actions

A 
anxiolytic (nervine relaxant)
hypnotic (strong)
Sedative (mild)
Skeletal muscle relaxant
Local anaesthetic
Mild analgesic
Antipruritic (topically)
54
Q

Piper methysticum - Indications

A

Anxiety

Others: depression, anxiety of menopause

55
Q

Piper methysticum - cautions

A

Cautions: Parkinson’s dz (b/c possible dopamine antagonism). Caution with depression, insomnia (if associated with increased restlessness during early hours of the am). Not for long term use (limit < 6weeks). D/c >24 hours before surgery - may potentiate anesthesia
Preg B1, Lac CC

56
Q

Piper methysticum - A/E

A

A/E: Feelings of intoxication, nausea. Others include skin reactions, GI complaints, headache, dizziness, rare cases of hepatoxicity (largely disproven) and associated sxs
Interactions: Alcohol (high doses), central dopamine agonists or antagonists (CI with L-dopa and other meds for parkinson’s), BZ.

57
Q

Piscidia erythrina - actions

A

Analgesic
Anti-spasmodic
Sedative (mild)
Hypnotic

58
Q

Piscidia erythrina - Indications

A 
Neuralgia
Migraine
Insomnia (esp if due to pain)
Dysmenorrhea (and other pain conditions)
Anxiety
59
Q

Piscidia erythrina - Cautions

A 
CI: pregnancy, bradycardia, cardiac insufficiency
Cautions: best avoided with depression and insomnia. Not for long term use. Concomitant use with analgesics, for pain in children, neurological dz, psychosis, liver and kidney dz, history of allergic or anaphylactic reactions
Preg D (rotenone), Lac SD
60
Q

Piscidia erythrina - AE

A

A/E: Nausea, vomiting, headache, possibly convulsions at much higher dosages

61
Q

Salvia officinalis - actions

A 
anti-spasmodic
anti-septic/anti-microbial
Anti-hydrotic (cooling)
Astringent
Carminative
AO
AI
Anti-galactogogue
Possible adaptogen (mild)
Estrogen mimetic
Diaphoretic?
62
Q

Salvia officinalis - Indications

A 
Inflammation of the mouth/pharynx/tonsils
Excessive perspiration
Menopause (hot flashes)
Flatulent dyspepsia
PMS
To decrease milk production
Others: URTI, UTI, General infections
63
Q

Salvia officinalis - cautions

A

CI: preg and lac
Cautions: Don’t exceed recommended doses (esp of alcoholic extract b/c of thujone presence - unless low thujone product)
Preg C, Lac X

64
Q

Salvia officinalis - A/E

A

A/E: allergic reactions from topical contact. Rare (at moderate doses)

65
Q

Salvia officinalis - Toxicity

A

EO of salvia: vomiting, excessive salivation, epileptic spasms with cyanosis with each bout separated by atonicity

66
Q

Solidago canadensis - actions

A 
Diuretic/Aquaretic (strong)
AI
Anti-microbial
GU tonic (esp renal)
Diaphoretic
Anti-catarrhal
67
Q

Solidago canadensis - Indications

A

Urinary conditions: UTI (mainly lower UTI incl cystitis), possibly nephritis
Respiratory conditions: Upper respiratory tract inflammation with persistent catarrh, may also be used topically for infections of the nose and throat
Others: flatulent dyspepsia

68
Q

Solidago canadensis - Cautions

A

CI: known asteraceae/compositae family allergy
Cautions: allergic reactions
Preg B2, Lac C

69
Q

Thuja occidentalis - actions

A

Anti-microbial (moderate affinity for GU)

Astringent, diuretic, depurative

70
Q

Thuja occidentalis - Indications

A

RTI, UTI
Other: Amenorrhea, psoriasis, rheumatism, uterine carcinoma, warts (topically and orally), urinary incontinence (d/t loss of muscle tone), prostatitis

71
Q

Thuja occidentalis - Cautions

A

CI: Preg and lactation
Caution: avoid high doses and l/t use. Epilepsy and in those with defects in hepatic heme synthesis. Possible additive effect with other thujone containing plants
Preg category D, Lac X

72
Q

Thuja occidentalis - AE

A

AE: HA (high doses d/t thujone) Contact allergy
Toxicity: GI irritation, convulsions, hypotension, coma, death (very high doses)

73
Q

Vaccinium macrocarpon - actions

A

Anti-adhesion/bacteriostatic (with specificity for the urinary tract
Astringent
May be AI

74
Q

Vaccinium macrocarpon - Indications

A

UTI (spec bacteriuria)
UTI prophylaxis
Poss benefit with infections of mouth, gastric H. pylori

75
Q

Vaccinium macrocarpon - Cautions

A

CI: None
Cautions: contains moderate amounts of oxalates TF caution with a history of calcium oxalate renal calculi. Diabetes (juice). Renal insufficiency

76
Q

Vaccinium macrocarpon - interactions

A

Warfarin, omeprazole, UA dipstick results

77
Q

Valeriana officinalis - actions

A

sedative (mild), anxiolytic, anti-spasmodic, hypnotic (strong)

78
Q

Valeriana officinalis - Indications

A

Insomnia
Anxiety and nervous tension
excitability
Restlessness

79
Q

Valeriana officinalis - Cautions

A

Caution: best avoided with depression and insomnia with increased restlessness during early hours of morning after ingestion.
AE: vivid dreams
Interactions: may potentiate antiepileptic drugs, anesthetics, sedatives, anxiolytics
Toxicity: fatigue, abdominal cramping, chest tightness, lightheadedness, hand tremor, mydriasis
Preg B1, Lac CC

80
Q

Viburnum opulus - actions

A 
Anti-spasmodic
Sedative (mild)
Astringent
Hypotensive
Vasodilator (peripheral)
Other: AI, nervine tonic (n. relaxant) analgesic?
81
Q

Viburnum opulus - Indications

A 
Partus preparator, threatened miscarriage
Dysmenorrhea, menorrhagia, metrorrhagia
Spasmodic muscular cramps
HTN
PMS
82
Q

Viburnum opulus - Cautions

A

CI: eating the berries (especially raw and unripe) may cz GI upset
AE high doses may cause NS depression
Large doses and prolonged use may cause vertigo, vomiting, disturbances in speech, movement, dyspnea, dry mouth
Preg B2, Lac C

83
Q

Zea mays - actions

A

Diuretic, urinary demulcent AI
Maybe anti-lithic
Maybe GU sedative (spasm, irritation)

84
Q

Zea mays - indications

A

Inflammatory conditions of the prostate and urinary systems.
Renal calculi
Hypertension (diuretic)

85
Q

Zea mays - Cautions

A

CI/Caution/AE: none

Preg B2, Lac C

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