GU SYSTEM Flashcards
What are kidney stones?
hard formations of minerals and salts that collect in the kidneys
What are some causes and risk factors for UTI’S?
Causes: bacteria entering urinary tract
risk factors: sexual activity, menopause, urinary retention, urinary obstruction, frequent urinary catheter use, & diabetes.
Why are UTI’S more common in women than in men?
more common in women because they have shorter urethra then men do.
What are some common symptoms of UTI’S?
burning/painful urination & frequent urgency to urinate despite not having a lot of urine to pass.
What is urinary retention?
occurs when the bladder is not able to fully empty.
What are some symptoms of urinary retention?
inability to urinate, pain, abdominal distention, urinary frequency, urinary hesitancy, weak or slow urine stream, and urinary leakage.
What are the different types of urinary incontinence?
stress incontinence, urge incontinence, reflex incontinence, overflow incontinence, functional incontinence, & bed wetting.
What is the primary function of the Urinary Tract?
eliminates waste & excess fluid from the body in form of urine.
What makes up the urinary system/tract?
kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra.
What are other important functions of the urinary system/tract?
regulate levels of electrolytes
produce hormones that are important for BP regulation
develop RBC’S
help keep bones strong
Which kidney is slightly lower than the other?
right kidney is slightly lower because of liver.
What is the normal urine output?
30 ml/hr
How many cups of urine can a bladder usually hold?
2 cups.
What are the 3 sets of muscles that help prevent unwanted urination?
The urethra
the bladder neck (composed of the internal sphincter)
the pelvic floor
what is the purpose of antidiuretics?
Minimize fluid loss by preventing urine production in the kidneys.
