GU/GI Terms

Question 1

True incontinence

Answer 1

loss of urine without warning

Question 2

Urge incontinence

Answer 2

OAB, sudden loss of urine

Question 3

Stress incontinence

Answer 3

involuntary loss of urine with physical activity

Question 4

Enuresis

Answer 4

involuntary urination

Question 5

fecal impaction

Answer 5

complete colon blockage by hard stool

Question 6

rectal prolapse

Answer 6

complete rectal mucous membrane protrudes through the anus, appears as moist doughnut with radiating lines

Question 7

polyp

Answer 7

small clump of cells that forms on lining of rectum or colon
- usually harmless but larger size increase risk for cancer

Question 8

hemorrhoids

Answer 8

from swollen veins in anus in lower rectum (piles)

Question 9

signs and symptoms of hemorrhoids:

Answer 9

painless rectal bleeding, red blood, pruritis, anal soiling and pain, fecal spoilage and mucous drainage

• due to straining; internal or external very common w pregnancy ; after birth; also in elderly

Question 10

prostatis

Answer 10

inflammation of prostate gland

Question 11

benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH)

Answer 11

enlarges prostate

Question 12

phimosis

Answer 12

narrowed opening of foreskin

Question 13

hypospadias

Answer 13

urinary meatus under penis

do not circumsice

Question 14

epispadias

Answer 14

urinary meatus on top of penis

do not circumsice

Question 15

epididymitis

Answer 15

infection of epididymis

Question 16

when do testes ascend

Answer 16

the longer testes stay in abdomen surrounded in warm evnt, the greater the chance for cancerous changes later on in life

Question 17

cryptochordism

Answer 17

when testes have not descended into scrotum

Question 18

dysmenorrhea

Answer 18

painful menstrual periods caused by uterine contractions

Question 19

amenorrhea

Answer 19

absent menses

Question 20

menorrhagia

Answer 20

heavy menses, clotting indicates heavy flow or vaginal pooling

Question 21

endometriosis

Answer 21

often painful disorder in which tissue similar to endometrial tissue that lines uterus grows outside of uterus

Question 22

uterine prolapse

Answer 22

uterus protrudes into vagina

Question 23

cytocele prolapse

Answer 23

bladder prolapse into vagina

Question 24

rectocele

Answer 24

rectum prolapse into vagina

Question 25

Breast Self Examination (BSE)

Answer 25

in vertical strip pattern: the three pressure method in overlapping vertical strips using pads of first 3 fingers (light-medium-deep pressure) start at tail of spence best to do right after menstrual period; at smallest or least congested (generally soft); if pregnant, select a certain day a month and stick to that lymph nodes should not be palpable/tender/hard

Question 26

Masectomy

Answer 26

surgical removal of the breast- if present, do not take BP on that side due to the absence/cut off of lymph nodes and circulation >> resulting to an inadequate reading

Question 27

Testicular Self Examination (TSE)

Answer 27

grasp and roll the testicle between thumbs and forefingers, feeling for lumps, swelling, hardness or other changes recommended to examine testicles while bathing (warmth makes scrotal sac less thick) most at risk: males 15-34 years old

Question 28

Obstetric history: Gravida

Answer 28

number of pregnancies

Question 29

Obstetric history: Para

Answer 29

number of births after 20 weeks

Question 30

Obstetric hisotry: Parody

Answer 30

G: total term of pregnancies T: full term pregnancies P: preterm deliveries A: abortions and miscarriages L: living children

Question 31

Patient education for STIs

Answer 31

-hygiene measures -urinate forcefully after sexual activity - abstain from sex until any infection is treated - multiple partners and anile-penile is a high risk -disease control measures and contraceptives -in women: chlamydia and gonorrhea can cause pelvic inflammation disease which can cause scarring and infertility

Question 32

Gynecomastia

Answer 32

too much fatty tissue around pectorals in males moobs