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Assessment > GU > Flashcards

GU Flashcards

1
Q

While performing a comprehensive GU health history, what GU symptoms might you come upon that are “abnormal” or might help you discern there is a problem?

A

Frequency, urgency, nocturia, dysuria, hesitancy, straining, dribbling

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2
Q

What things are you looking for that are out of the ordinary with repro organs?

A

Lesions, pain, discharge, lumps

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3
Q

What are some recommended screenings for reproductive organs?

A

Pap/pelvic, mammogram

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4
Q

What does LMP mean?

A

Last menstrual period

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5
Q

What is atrophic vaginitis?

A

Thinning of internal genitalia tissue

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6
Q

What are some additional things to consider re: health history for aging adults.

A
  • Postmenopausal bleeding
  • Atrophic vaginitis (thinning of internal genitalia tissue)
  • Uterine prolapse
  • Sexual satisfaction
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7
Q

Nursing assessment of genitourinary (GU) system focuses on ____________.

A

bladder function

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8
Q

Describe dysuria:

A

Burning, stinging, itching sensation

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9
Q

In older adults mental status change could be a sign of _____.

A

UTI

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10
Q

What is nocturia?

A

Urinary frequency that occurs at night

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11
Q

What is urinary urgency?

A

Usually abrupt and strong urge to void

Can be a cause of incontinence (leakage of urine)

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12
Q

What is oliguria?

A

The production of abnormally small amounts of urine

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13
Q

What would indicate oliguria?

A

Less than 20-30 mL/hr is of concern, or 400 mL/day, 200/12 hr shift

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14
Q

What is anuria?

A

Failure of the kidneys to produce urine

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15
Q

What would indicate polyuria?

A

VOLUME more than 2.5 L output/day. Frequency will be a factor as well, d/t space for capacity

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16
Q

What is stress incontinence?

A

Leakage of urine with activity or pressure

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17
Q

What is urge incontinence?

A

Leakage of urine with sensation of need to void

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18
Q

What is mixed incontinence?

A

Leakage of urine with activity and desire to void

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19
Q

What is overflow incontinence?

A

Leakage of small amounts d/t lrg volume of retained urine

20
Q

What is functional incontinence?

A

Incontinence because of barriers to voiding (ambulation, can’t get to toilet, pain, disorientation, neuro issues, etc)

21
Q

If you are able to percuss a distended bladder, you can assume there is at least ______ in it.

A

150 ml

22
Q

Things to do when assessing for distended bladder:

A
  • Ask when bladder was last emptied
  • Lightly palpate (give or take 1 inch depth) between symphysis pubis and umbilicus
  • Note size and location of bladder
23
Q

Normally an empty bladder is not _______, a partially filled bladder is ______________.

A

palpable, smooth and firm

24
Q

What are indications for getting a bladder scan?

A

Assess for urinary retention, catheter blockage, post void residual

25
Q

If the data from the bladder scan shows at least 250-300 ml, what should you do?

A

Cath!

26
Q

Ways of describing urine: Clarity.

A

Cloudy, clear, particles (can be clots), sediment

27
Q

Ways of describing urine: Odor.

A

Strong (concentrated, dehydration), odor of medication or food, infection, etc.

28
Q

Ways of describing urine: Color.

A

Tea colored, amber, straw, bloody, pale.

29
Q

If urine is white or cloudy, what might it indicate?

A

Phosphate crystals, or pyuria (white blood cells)

30
Q

If urine is red/pink, what might it indicate?

A 
Red blood cells – renal ds, UTI, urinary stone, malignancy, trauma (procedures)
Phenolphthalein (laxative in Exlax)
Blackberries, beets, rhubarb
Phenytoin, Compazine
Chronic lead and mercury poisoning
31
Q

If urine is orange, what might it indicate?

A

Pyridium, rifampin, phenacetin, sulfasalazine, Vitamin C, carrots

32
Q

If urine is blue/green, what might it indicate?

A

Blue dye – methylene blue (in Trac Tabs, Urised, Uroblue) – used to reduce symptoms of bladder irritation
Propofol (blue or pink urine) Amitriptyline, indomethacin, resorcinaol, tramterine, cimetidine, Phenergan and several multivitamins – blue/green tint to urine Inherited form of high calcium (familial hypercalcemia)

33
Q

If urine is brown/black what might it indicate?

A

Myoglobin or bilirubin
Copper or phenol poisoning
Large amounts of rhubarb, fava beans or aloe
Chloraquine, primaquine, furazolidone, metronidazole, nitrofurantoin, cascara/senna laxatives, methocarbamol and sorbital

34
Q

What is the RNs role in an AFAB GU assessment?

A

External exam, set up room, have pt empty bladder

35
Q

What is a normal finding in postmenopausal AFAB?

A

Thin, atrophied labia minor atrophied labia minora

36
Q

What is a normal finding in pregnant AFAB?

A

Labia majora and labia minora more separated

37
Q

What are some abnormal findings in an AFAB GU exam?

A
  • Inflammation, erythema, lesions, masses, bulges, lesions, masses, bulges, lacerations
  • Discharge
  • Swelling, esp bilaterally
  • Genital warts (Condylomata acuminata)
  • Uterine Prolapse (Keep it moist! Sterile saline on gauze, etc.)
  • Yeast infection
38
Q

When should AFAB folks start getting mammograms?

A

Age 40

39
Q

What are some positions for pts to be in for mammary tissue exams?

A
  • Arms above head
  • Hands against hips
  • Extend arms straight ahead while leaning forward
  • Supine with hand behind head
40
Q

Re: The position of the urethral meatus: What is hypospadias?

A

Urethral opening underneath lower shaft of penis

41
Q

Re: The position of the urethral meatus: What is epispadias?

A

Urethral opening above the shaft of penis

42
Q

During a GU inspection on AMAB what could be some abnormal findings?

A
  • Epididymitis
  • Orchitis
  • Scrotal Edema
  • Spermatocele
  • Hydrocele (fluid around teste, will resolve on its own)
  • Varicocele (feels like a bag of worms – ropey)
  • Absent testis; cryptorchidism
  • Small testis
  • Testicular torsion (emergency)
  • Hernias
  • Herpetic lesion
  • Genital warts
43
Q

What is a spermatocele?

A

An abnormal sac (cyst) that develops in the epididymis — the small, coiled tube located on the upper testicle that collects and transports sperm. Noncancerous and generally painless, a spermatocele usually is filled with milky or clear fluid that might contain sperm.

44
Q

What is a varicocele?

A

An enlargement of the veins within the loose bag of skin that holds your testicles. Feels like a bag of worms – ropey.

45
Q

What is hydrocele?

A

Fluid around teste, will resolve on its own

46
Q

Most common AMAB cancer?

A

Prostate. 1 in 8, average age of diagnosis is 66.

47
Q

Less common cancer in AMAB, happens when younger?

A

Testicular cancer

Assessment (5 decks)

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