GST AO3 Flashcards
1
Q
Name a first AO3 point
A
- Research suggests that children begin acquiring information about GST before gender stability around three
- Martin and Little in the 1980s found that children under four showed no signs of gender stability let alone no signs of gender constancy
- the children did display strong gender stereotypes about what boys and girls were permitted to do
- challenges Kohlberg’s theory
2
Q
Name a second AO3 point
A
- There is evidence that children can lender their gender group even earlier than indicated
- Zoslus et al 2009 recorded samples of children’s language and observed them at play in order to identify when they first start using gender labelling
- they concluded that they first started gender labelling at around 19 months
However Bandura and Bussey in 2004 have shown that gender-typed stereotyped happen even earlier than this.
3
Q
Name a third AO3 point
A
- GST organise memory
- Martin and Halverson 1983 found that when children were asked to recall pictures of people, children under six recalled more of the gender consistent ones (male firefighter or female teacher) than gender inconsistent one (male nurse or female chemist)
- Bradbad et al 1986 found that children pay more attention to ingroup schema’s than outgroup schemas
- they told 4-9 year olds that certain gender neutral items (burglar alarms, pizza cutters) were boy and girl items
- participants took greater interest in toys labelled within their ingroup schemas
- also one week later they were able to recall more details about ingroup schemas
4
Q
Name a fourth AO3 point:
A
- gender schemas distort information
- in Martin and Halverson’s study, when children were shown consistent and inconsistent pictures, they distorted the information
- for example, when a boy was shown holding a gun (consistent) or a boy holding a doll (inconsistent) children then described that they saw a boy holding the gun
- such distorted thinking occurs to maintain ingroup schemas
