Grupa 2 cationi

Question 1

mercuric+ hidrogen sulfurat

Answer 1

Hg2+ + H2S = HgS↓ + 2H+ pp negru
3HgS + 2HNO3 + 6HCl = 3HgCl2 + 2NO + 3S + 4H2O

Question 2

mercuric+ hidroxid de amoniu

Answer 2

HgCl2 + 2NH4OH = HgClNH2 + 2H2O+ NH4Cl pp alb

Question 3

mercuric+ iodura de potasiu

Answer 3

Hg2+ + 2KI = HgI2↓ + 2K+ pp rosu
HgI2 + 2KI = K2[HgI4]

Question 4

mercuric+cromat de potasiu

Answer 4

Hg2+ + K2CrO4 = HgCrO4↓ + 2K+ pp galben

Question 5

mercuric+ ditizona

Answer 5

m acid -> galben portocaliu
m alcalin -> rosu purpuriu

Question 6

mercuric+ clorura stanoasa

Answer 6

2Hg2+ + SnCl2 = Hg2Cl2 + Sn4+
alb
Hg2Cl2 + SnCl2 = 2Hg + Sn4+ + 4Cl–
negru cenuşiu

Question 7

mercuric+zinc

Answer 7

Hg2+ + 2Zn = 2Zn+ + Hg↓

Question 8

cupru+hidrogen sulfurat

Answer 8

Cu2+ + H2S = CuS↓ + 2H+ pp negru
3CuS + 8HNO3 = 3Cu(NO3)2 + 3S↓ + 2NO↑ +4H2O

Question 9

cupru+hidroxid de sodiu

Answer 9

Cu2+ + 2NaOH = Cu(OH)2↓ + 2Na+
Cu(OH)2 + 4NH4OH = Cu(NH3)42 + 4H2O
r schweitzer

Question 10

cupru+ iodura de potasiu

Answer 10

Cu2+ + 2KI = CuI2↓ + 2K+ pp negru
2CuI2 → 2CuI↓ + I2
pp alb galben-brun

Question 11

cupru+ hexacianoferat 2

Answer 11

2Cu2+ + K4[Fe(CN)6] = Cu2[Fe(CN)6]↓ + 4K+
pp rosu brun

Question 12

cupru+ (NH4)2[Hg(SCN)4]

Answer 12

Cu2+ + (NH4)2[Hg(SCN)4] = Cu[Hg(SCN)4]↓ + 2NH4
pp verde brun

Question 13

cupru+ piridina

Answer 13

Cu2+ + 2Py + 2KSCN = CuPy2(SCN)2↓ + 2K+
pp verde mazare

Question 14

cupru+ ditizona

Answer 14

m acid -> violet
m alcalin -> rosu brun

Question 15

bismut+ hidrogen sulfurat

Answer 15

2Bi3+ +3H2S = Bi2S3↓ + 6H+ pp brun
Bi2S3 + 8HNO3 = 2Bi(NO3)3 + 2NO↑ + 3S↓ + 4H2O

Question 16

bismut+ iodura de potasiu

Answer 16

Bi3+ + 3KI = BiI3↓ + 3K+ pp negru
BiI3 + KI = K[BiI4] galben portocaliu

Question 17

bismut+ cinconina

Answer 17

în soluţie apoasă slab nitrică, în prezenţa iodurii de potasiu, formează un precipitat galben-portocaliu
reactie sensibila!

Question 18

bismut+ ditizona

Answer 18

bismut verde -> galben portocaliu

Question 19

bismut+ tiouree

Answer 19

in sol de acid nitric -> complex galben

Question 20

bismut+ zinc

Answer 20

2Bi3+ + 3Zn = 2Bi↓ + 3Zn2+

Question 21

cadmiu+ hidrogen sulfurat

Answer 21

Cd2+ + H2S = CdS↓ + 2H+ pp galben
3CdS + 8HNO3 = 3Cd(NO3)2 + 3S↓ + 2NO↑ + 4H2O

Question 22

cadmiu+ hidroxid de amoniu

Answer 22

Cd2+ + 2NH4OH = Cd(OH)2↓ + 2NH4
Cd(OH)2 + 6NH4OH = Cd(NH3)42 + 6H2O
incolor

Question 23

cadmiu+ piridina

Answer 23

Cd2+ + 4Py + 2NH4SCN = CdPy4(SCN)2↓ + 2NH4
pp alb cristalin

Question 24

cadmiu+ ditizona

Answer 24

in m alcalin, pH=12 -> complex rosu

Question 25

cadmiu+ oxina

Answer 25

in m slab acid pana in m slab alcalin -> pp galben portocaliu

Question 26

subgrupa sulfurilor acide + reactivul de grupa

Answer 26

2As3+ + 3H2S = As2S3↓ + 6H+ pp galben
a. As2S3 + 3Na2S = 2Na3AsS3
b. As2S3 + 2(NH4)2S2 + (NH4)2S = 2(NH4)2AsS4
c. As2S3 + 6KOH = K3AsS3 + K3AsO3 + 3H2O
d. As2S3 + 3(NH4)2CO3 = (NH4)3AsS3 + (NH4)3AsO3 + 3CO2↑
2As5+ + 5H2S = As2S5↓ + 10H+ pp galben
a. As2S5 + (NH4)2S2 + 2(NH4)2S = 2(NH4)3AsS4 + S↓
b. As2S5 + 6KOH = K3AsS4 + K3AsSO3 + 3H2O
c. As2S5 + 3(NH4)2CO3 = (NH4)3AsS4 + (NH4)3AsSO3 + 3CO2↑
2Sb3+ + 3H2S = Sb2S3↓ + 6H+ pp portocaliu
a. Sb2S3 + 6HCl = 2SbCl3 + 3H2S↑
b. Sb2S3 + 3Na2S = 2Na3SbS3
c. Sb2S3 + 2KOH = KSbS2 + KSbOS + H2O
d. Sb2S3 + 2(NH4)2S2 + (NH4)2S = 2(NH4)3SbS4
2Sb5+ + 5H2S = Sb2S5↓ + 10H+ pp portocaliu
a. Sb2S5 + 6HCl = 2SbCl3 + 2S↓ + 3H2S↑
b. Sb2S5 + 3(NH4)2S = (NH4)3SbS4
c. Sb2S5 + 6KOH = K3SbS4 + K3SbSO3 + 3H2O
Sn2+ + H2S = SnS↓ + 2H+ pp brun
a. SnS + 2HCl = SnCl2 + H2S↑
b. SnS + (NH4)2S2 = (NH4)2SnS3

Question 27

subgrupa sulfobazelor+ reactivul de grupa

Answer 27

Hg2+ + H2S = HgS↓ + 2H+ pp negru
3HgS + 2HNO3 + 6HCl = 3HgCl2 + 2NO + 3S + 4H2O
Cu2+ + H2S = CuS↓ + 2H+ pp negru
3CuS + 8HNO3 = 3Cu(NO3)2 + 3S↓ + 2NO↑ +4H2O
2Bi3+ +3H2S = Bi2S3↓ + 6H+ pp brun
Bi2S3 + 8HNO3 = 2Bi(NO3)3 + 2NO↑ + 3S↓ + 4H2O
Cd2+ + H2S = CdS↓ + 2H+ pp galben
3CdS + 8HNO3 = 3Cd(NO3)2 + 3S↓ + 2NO↑ + 4H2O

Question 28

subgrupa sulfobazelor+ iodura de potasiu

Answer 28

Hg2+ + 2KI = HgI2↓ + 2K+ pp rosu
HgI2 + 2KI = K2[HgI4]
Cu2+ + 2KI = CuI2↓ + 2K+ pp negru
2CuI2 → 2CuI↓ + I2
pp alb galben-brun
Bi3+ + 3KI = BiI3↓ + 3K+ pp negru
BiI3 + KI = K[BiI4] galben portocaliu

Question 29

cationi grupa 2+ piridina

Answer 29

Cu2+ + 2Py + 2KSCN = CuPy2(SCN)2↓ + 2K+
pp verde mazare
Cd2+ + 4Py + 2NH4SCN = CdPy4(SCN)2↓ + 2NH4
pp alb cristalin