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Pediatric nursing > Growth + development of children > Flashcards

Growth + development of children Flashcards

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1
Q

Metalinguistic awareness

A

School-aged child ( 6-12)

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2
Q

Demonstrates parallel play

A

Toddler (1-3)

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3
Q

Magical thinking

A

Preschooler ( 3-5 )

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4
Q

Educating parents about what to expect in development

A

Anticipatory guidance

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5
Q

Play telephone, finger paint, blocks, pots and pans, board books - appropriate toys for …

A

Toddler (1-3)

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6
Q

Closure of anterior fontanel

A

18 months

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7
Q

Paperback books, board games, action heroes, scrapbook, baseball cards - appropriate toys for…

A

School-age children (6-12)

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8
Q

Theory of psychosexual development

A

Freud

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9
Q

Theory of cognitive development

A

Piaget

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10
Q

Theory of psychosocial development

A

Erikson

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11
Q

Puppets, legos, simple card games, pretend food, crayons, dress-up clothes - appropriate toys for …

A

Preschoolers ( 3-5)

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12
Q

Concerned with body image

A

Adolescent

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13
Q

Return to an earlier developmental stage

A

Regression

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14
Q

Trunk to extremities growth

A

Proximodistal

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15
Q

Able to face forward in car seat

A

20 pounds and age 2

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16
Q

Distress over parent leaving

A

Separation anxiety

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17
Q

Increase in physical size

A

Growth

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18
Q

Head to toe growth

A

Cephalocaudal

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19
Q

Sequential process of gaining various skills and functions

A

Development

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20
Q

The way someone reacts to environment

A

Temperament

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21
Q

Mobiles, rattles, unbreakable mirrors, soft dolls, musical toys - appropriate toys for…

A

Infants (birth - 1)

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22
Q

Food high in iron

A

Watermelon

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23
Q

Places child at risk for accidental poisoning

A

Undeveloped taste discrimination

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24
Q

Able to use a booster

A

40 pounds - age 4

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25
Q

Avoid in children under 1 year

A

Honey ( botulism )

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26
Q

Precaution to reduce SIDS

A

“Back to sleep” position

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27
Q

Demonstrated by “peak a boo”

A

Object permanence

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28
Q

Trust vs Mistrust

A

Infant - Trust = Consistency

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29
Q

Infant - no head lag ; grasps rattle

A

5 months

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30
Q

Infant - crawls ; finger foods

A

9 months

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31
Q

Infant - walks ; feeds self; pokes + points with finger ; single words with meaning ; separation anxiety

A

12 months

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32
Q

Infant - pincer grasp

A

8 months

33
Q

Infant - babbles (consonants) ;

A

6 months

34
Q

Autonomy vs Shame and Doubt

A

Toddler - Autonomy = Promote independence

35
Q

Egocentrism = ritualism + individuation + negativism

A

Toddler

36
Q

Echolalia

A

Toddler - repeating of phrases

37
Q

Initiative vs Guilt

A

Preschooler - Initiative = Allow to assist

38
Q

Concrete + literal communication

A

Preschooler

39
Q

Industry vs Inferiority

A

School-age child - Industry = Promote self-worth via learning

40
Q

Identity vs Role confusion

A

Adolescent - Identity = own sense of self

41
Q

< 10 kg

A

100 ml per kg for 24 hours

42
Q

11-20 kg

A

1000 ml ( for 1st 10 kg) + 50 ml per remaining kg ( over 10 kg) for 24 hours

43
Q

20 + kg

A

1000 ml ( for 1st 10 kg) + 500 ml ( for 2nd 10 kg ) + 20 ml per remaining kg ( over 20 kg) for 24 hours

44
Q

CRIES

A

Newborns - infants - postoperative pain assessment (0-2)E

  1. Cry
  2. Required oxygen ( SpO2 > 95 %)
  3. Increased vital signs
  4. Expression
  5. Sleepless
45
Q

stranger anxiety

A

6-8 months

46
Q

weight doubles by … and triples by …

A

6 and 12 months

47
Q

site for IM injection on infant ( until age 5 )

A

Vastus lateralis

48
Q

Nursing care for IVs

A

monitor rate and volume; inspect site every hour !!!

49
Q

Normal urine output

A

1-2 ml/kg/hr; infants - 1-3 ml/kg/hr

50
Q

Axillary T

A

< 4 -5 years

51
Q

Oral T

A

> 4 - 5 years

52
Q

Fever

A

38 C - tylenol or motrin - check Q2

53
Q

Pulse

A

Apical for 1 minute ( even teens ) : never monitor HR

54
Q

Oxygen saturation

A

Switch the probe on the site every shift - Risk for burn;

55
Q

SpO2 errors

A
  1. movement
  2. light sources
  3. nail polish
56
Q

Cuff bladder size

A

40 % of upper arm length; 80-100 of arm circumference ; the smaller the cuff the higher the reading

57
Q

Infants - pain

A

mouth is open - forming square

58
Q

FLACC

A

Toddlers;

  1. Face
  2. Legs
  3. Activity
  4. Cry
  5. Consolability
59
Q

Preschoolers - pain

A

might not report because afraid; FACES

60
Q

School-age children - pain

A

might deny (brave, afraid); numeric pain intensity scale or visual analog scale

61
Q

Pain scale

A

1-3 - mild
4-6 - moderate
7-10 - severe

62
Q

Acetaminophen 10-15 mg/kg/dose

A

Infants any age; hepatotoxicity;

63
Q

Ibuprofen (NSAID) 5-10 mg/kg/dose

A

after age 6 month;

64
Q

Morphine 0.1-0.2 mg/kg/dose

A

moderate to severe pain (4-10); CNS depression ( check RR and pulse ox) ; N/V; decreased peristalsis; pruritis ;

65
Q

EMLA

A

topical anesthetic ; lidocaine + prilocaine; 60-90 min prior; deep - 2-3 hours ; reduces pain for 24 hours ; after 37 weeks gestation

66
Q

A 5-year-old is obviously relieved yet angry following a procedure he resisted and needed to be restrained to complete. Which nursing action may be most helpful to this kindergartener?

A

The Play-Doh choice is the best means for him to pound, smash, and otherwise vent his feelings in a safe, age-appropriate way.

67
Q

nurses should choose their words and actions carefully since adolescents typically are concerned about

A

Appearing out of control of the situation and/or themselves

68
Q

the meaning of atraumatic care for children

A

The underlying premise of “do no harm”

69
Q

“I forgot my glasses, so I’ll read this when I get home and let you know if I have questions.”

A

nurse suspects poor literacy skills in a child’s family member

70
Q

risk factors that could result in developmental problems for the child.

A

Being a single parent and not having a high school education

71
Q

universal screening tests all children should receive

A

Phenylketonuria (PKU) and auditory brain stem response (ABSR) tests

72
Q

priority reason to have a thorough grasp of the growth and development of children is to:

A

Identify developmental risks or delays promptly.

73
Q

teach children about healthy food choices

A

3 years

74
Q

universal blood pressure screening should begin at age

A

3 years

75
Q

The recommended amount of solution a toddler should receive in one IM injection should not exceed

A

1 ml

76
Q

syringe should be used to administer medications or flush intravenous lines.

A

A 5-mL or larger syringe

77
Q

nasogastric tube that has been in place for several days. It is time to administer the liquid feeding. Which of the following is the priority nursing action?

A

Check the length of the tube extending from the nose against the measurement recorded when the tube was placed.

78
Q

The nurse will assess the apical impulse at which location

A

The apical pulse can be found at the fifth intercostal space lateral to the left midclavicular line in children over 7 years.

79
Q

The nurse is caring for a hospitalized 8-month-old girl with special healthcare needs. Which intervention would best help this infant grow and develop?

A

A basic need of this girl is the development of trust in and attachment to her parents. Support parental attachment to the child.

Pediatric nursing (2 decks)

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