Growth cycle

Question 1

Four examples of early-budding varieties?

Answer 1

Chardonnay, Pinot Noir, Merlot and Grenache

Question 2

Three examples of late-budding varieties?

Answer 2

Sauvignon Blanc, Cabernet Sauvignon and Syrah

Question 3

Name three vine nutrient needs.

Answer 3

Principally nitrogen, potassium and phosphorus

Question 4

What are petioles?

Answer 4

New buds develop at the base of the leaf stalks (petioles) on the new growing shoots.

Question 5

When does flowering usually take place?

Answer 5

Within 8 weeks of budburst.

Question 6

Key cause of poor yields in cooler climates?

Answer 6

Negatively affected fruitset. Wind, cold, rain.

Question 7

Define coulure.

Answer 7

Irregular fruitset. A condition of the grape bunch in which fruit set has failed for a high proportion of flowers.
Therefore no grape develops.

Question 8

Define millerandage.

Answer 8

A condition of the grape bunch in which there is a high proportion of seedless grapes.

Question 9

4 stages of grape development?

Answer 9

Grape-berry formation
Véraison
Ripening
Extra-ripening

Question 10

What is the lag phase?

Answer 10

Grape growth slows down for a few days between berry formation and véraison.

Question 11

Temperature range to stimulate budburst?

Answer 11

Above 10C

Question 12

Optimal temperature range for new shoot and leaf growth?

Answer 12

18-33C

Question 13

What are methoxypyrazines?

Answer 13

Compound found in overly acidic grapes that give herbaceous aromas and flavours.

Question 14

Optimum temperature range for anthocyanin synthesis in black grapes?

Answer 14

15-25C

Question 15

Extreme heat can cause the stomata to close and therefore limit the intake of what?

Answer 15

Carbon dioxide

Question 16

What is the main source for both heat and sunlight to the vine?

Answer 16

Solar radiation.