Growth and Develpoment

Question 1

caloric intake

Answer 1

birth-6 months: 120 kcal/kg/day
7 months -1 year: 100 kcal/kg/day
2-10: 100 to 70 kcal/kg/day
adolescents: 45 kcal/kg/day

Question 2

What does breast feeding provide

Answer 2

decreases illness in infants
maternal antibodies are transferred to infant
decreased gastro problems
decreases allergies
breastfeeding during painful procedures provided analgesia
the longer a mother breastfeeds the less chance of the child being overweight.

Question 3

when a child is exclusively breast feed for 6 months adequate weight gain is?

Answer 3

30g/day (1oz/day) for the first 3 months

gain 15-20 g/day during the next 3 months

Question 4

why much and when should vit d supplementation be started?

Answer 4

at 2 months and 400 units/day

Question 5

if a breastfeeding mother is strict vegetarian what supplement is needed for the infant?

Answer 5

vit b 12

Question 6

how much iron is needed for exclusively breast feed babies?

Answer 6

after 6 months and approximately 1 mg/kg/day

Question 7

provide fluoride supplements when and how much?

Answer 7

at 6 months and only if the local water supply is deficient (less than 0.3 parts per million

Question 8

weight gain progression

Answer 8

initial 10% loss
regain by 7-14 days
doubles at 5 months
triples by one year
quadruples by 2 years
3 through school age: gain 2.5 inches annually
school age children gain 5-7 pounds annually

Question 9

tooth eruption (primary)

Answer 9

Come little children munch meat
central incisor-6-7 months
lateral incisor 7-9
cuspid 16-18
first molar 12-14
second molar 20-24

Question 10

tooth eruption (permanent)

Answer 10

Come little children munch meat
central incisor-6-8 years
lateral incisor 7-9
cuspid 9-12
first bicuspid 10-12
second bicuspid 20-24
first molar 6-7
second molar 11-13

Question 11

Jean Piaget (cognitive domain, primary theorist) 5 stages

Answer 11

sensorimotor stage (birth to 2 years)
preoperational/preconceptual stage (2-4)
intuitive/ preoperational thinking (4-7)
concrete thinking (7-11)
formal operational thought (11-15)

Question 12

sensorimotor stage (birth to 2 years)

Answer 12

reflexes
adapts inborn reflexes to the environment
object permanence
sensory abilities improve
trial and error learning
simple problem-solving

Question 13

preoperational/preconceptual stage (2-4)

Answer 13

can focus on a single aspect of the situation
no cause and effect reasoning
egocentrism
development of intuitive thought
difficulty distinguishing fact from fantasy

Question 14

intuitive/ preoperational thinking (4-7)

Answer 14

beginning of causation

Question 15

concrete thinking (7-11)

Answer 15

capable of logical thought

logical operations

Question 16

formal operational thought (11-15)

Answer 16

ability to abstract- abstract thinking
capable of complex problem solving
reality based
logical conclusions

Question 17

erik erikson (psychosocial domain, primary theorist)

Answer 17

infancy (birth -1 year) trust vs. mistrust
toddler (1-3) autonomy vs. shame and doubt
preschool (3-6) initiative vs. guilt
school age (6-12) industry vs. inferiority
adolescence (12-18) identity vs. role confusion

Question 18

sigmond freud (psychosexual theorist) 3 stages

Answer 18

id: principle vs. pleasure (birth-3)
ego: principle of reality/self interest (3-6)
superego: principle of morality or conscience (6-18)

Question 19

how long do you correct for gestational age?

Answer 19

premature infants through 2 years

Question 20

when do you start to take bp

Answer 20

at age 3

Question 21

when do you start bmi

Answer 21

at age 2

Question 22

milestones for 2-5 months

Answer 22

smiles and coos
watches a person's face intently
follows people and objects
laugh aloud
lift head/chest when pulled to sit
grasp rattle placed in hand
startles to loud noises

Question 23

milestones for 6-9 months

Answer 23

babbles and combines vowel/consonant sounds
turns to sound
responds to name
rolls over
sits independently 
transfer objects
supports weight on feet
uses thumb and fingers to pick up objects
crawls

Question 24

milestones for 10-12 months

Answer 24

takes simple action upon request
purposely says mama dada
sits independently and plays
pulls to standing/ cruising furniture
communicates by reaching and pointing
moves purposely to get desired object
has increased curiosity 
recognizes people
 uses both hands equally well

Question 25

milestones for 13-18 months

Answer 25

scribbles with large crayon
walks alone
feeds self with fingers and begins using a spoon
4-10 word vocabulary
follows simple directions
coordinates use of both hands
responds to name
points to 2 pictures upon request
long jabbering sentences
throw ball overhead

Question 26

milestones for 19-24 months

Answer 26

walks up and down stairs
jump with both feet
competes simple puzzles, circle shape first
stacks 6-7 blocks
uses 2 word sentences
30-50 word vocabulary

Question 27

subjective data for wcc (well child check)

Answer 27

nutrition/ appetite
elimination
sleep
development
parental/ caregiver concerns
interval histroy

Question 28

objective data for wcc

Answer 28

physical exam
screening
laboratory