Growth And Development Part 1 Flashcards
an indicator of overall well-being, status of chronic disease, and interpersonal and psychologic stress
Growth
This model presumes that a patient presents with signs and symptoms and a physician focuses on diagnosing and treating diseases of the body.
Medical Model
This model neglects the social and psychologic aspect of a person who exists in the larger realm of the family and society
In this model, societal and community systems are simultaneously considered along with more proximal systems that make up the person and the person’s environment
Biopsychosocial model
A patient’s symptoms are examined and explained in the context of the patient’s existence.
This multidimensional model can be used to understand health and both acute and chronic disease and this model has been increasingly used to develop care models over the past few decades
Biopsychosocial model
This framework emphasizes how the ecology of childhood (social and physical environments) interacts with biologic processes to determine outcomes and life trajectories.
Biodevelopmental framework
This is critical to learning and remembering and permits the CNS to reorganize neuronal networks in response to environmental stimulation (both positive and negative)
Neuronal plasticity
By age 3, how many synapses are developed by the neurons
15000
During early childhood, synapses in frequently used pathways are preserved, while less-used synapses tend to atrophy. This process is known as:
Pruning
Are influences on development which include genetics, in utero exposure to teratogens, the long-term negative effects of low birthweight, postnatal illnesses, exposure to hazardous substacnces and maturation
Biologic influences
It accounts for approximately 40% of the variance in IQ and in other personality traits, such as sociability and desire for novelty
Heredity
Shared enviornment accounts for 50%
describes the stable, early-appearing individual variations in behavioral dimensions, including emotionality (crying, laughing, sulking), activity level, attention, sociability, and persistence
Temperament
refers to a biologically determined tendency of a young child to seek proximity to the parent during times of stress and to the relationship.
Attachment
It allows securely attached children to use their parents to reestablish a sense of well-being after a stressful experience
This theory recognizes that individuals within systems adopt implicit roles. Although birth order does not have long-term effects on personality development, within families the members take on different roles.
Family system theory
This model proposes that a child’s status at any point in time is a function of the interaction between biologic and social influences
Transaction model
is the ability to withstand, adapt to, and recover from adversities.
Resilience
This theory describes that the idea of body-centered/sexual drives, the emotional health of both the child and the adult depends on adequate resolution of conflicts brought about by these drives
Freudian Theory
He recognized that the child ‘s sense of basic trust develops through the successful negotiation of infantile needs
Erik Erickson
According to Piaget’s cognitive theory, at what stage does an infant’s thinking is tied to immediate sensations and a child’s ability to manipulate objects
Sensorimotor stage (infancy 0-1 yr)
It means taking in new experiences according to existing schemata
Assimilation
Creating new patterns of understandin to adapt to new information is called
Accommodation
He developed a theory of moral development categorizing it to six stages
Kohlberg
According to Kohlberg, their earliest sense of right and wrong is egocentric
Preshoolers
This is motivated by externally applied controls
Conventional morality (Stage 4) is reached by
Mid-to late adolosccent
What distinguishes behavioral therapy to other theories of developmental domains and emotional and cognition?
Lack of concern with a child’s inner experience
Its focus is on observable behaviors and measurable factors that either increase or decrease the frequency with which the behaviors occur
