Growth and Development: Infant and Toddler Flashcards
Neonate
Birth to 28 days
Infant
Birth to 12 months
Average Physical Growth for Infant
weight- 7lbs 5oz
loose 10% then regain by day 10-14
Head Circumference: 33-35cm
Length- 48-53cm
6 stages of consciousness
deep sleep, light sleep, drowsiness, quiet alert, active alert, crying
Reflexes
moro, root, suck, tonic neck, plantar, palmar, step, babinski
primitive- whole body
protective- motor response
Resps in Infant
30-60 breaths/min (irregular)- newborn
20-30 breaths/min (regular)- 12 months
Heart Rate/BP in infant
120-140- newborn
100- 12 months
60/40- newborn
100/50- 12 months
GU system of infant
More prone to dehydration
Teeth
first primary teeth- 6-8 months
4-8 teeth by 12 months old
Stomach of infant
Can hold 15-30mL at birth
HbF and HbA
HbF allows for greater oxygenation and is replaced by HbA at 6 months
Erikson
Trust vs mistrust
Must meet the needs of infant to gain trust
Piaget
Infant uses senses and motor skills to learn
4 sub categories:
-reflexes
-primary circular reaction (actions occur by chance, 1-4 months), -secondary circular reaction (actions become purposeful, 4-8 months)
-Coordination of secondary schemes (object permanence, 8-12 months)
Gross Motor
Head Control Roll Sit Crawl Stand Walk
Fine Motor
Whole Hand
Gross Grasping
Finger Grasping
Nurses Role in Growth and Development
Teach newborn care Promote healthy sleep and rest Promoting healthy teeth and gums Promote appropriate discipline address child care needs
Toddler
1-3 years
weight of toddler
1.4-2.3kg/year
height of toddler
7.5cm/year
Resps
20-30 breaths/min
Heart Rate
75-130 beats/minute
BP
68/22-105/65
GU
1mL/kg/hr
increased UTI
Erikson
Autonomy vs Shame and doubt
Piaget (sensorimotor)
Tertiary circular reactions(12-18 months)
Experimentation to see reactions.
Preoperational stage (2-7years)
sense of ownership, uses mental trial, connects past to present
