Growth and development

Question 1

How do you determine someone’s BMI?

Answer 1

Weight (kg) / height (cm), then divide answer by height (cm)

Question 2

Family-centered care: toddlers

Answer 2

12-36 mo
Characteristics: “no”, temper tantrums, exploration of environment, toilet training, limit-setting, language development
Hospitalization may cause separation anxiety, pain, regression, fear
Health maintenance: 1st dental exam, 12 hrs sleep at night + 1 nap

Question 3

Family-centered care: preschooler

Answer 3

3-5 yr
Characteristics: “why”, energetic learning, increased attention span/memory, sociable
Health maintenance: picky diet vs healthy diet, hyperactivity can cause sleep disruption, routine dental exams
Issues: diseases from lack of vaccinations during infancy, GI issues, toxic ingestion

Question 4

Family-centered care: School-age child

Answer 4

6-12 yr
Characteristics: steady weight/height gain, conscience develops, peer friendships, sensitive to social norms
Health maintenance: nutrition suffers d/t junk + different schedules, sex ed, stress, accidents
Issues: behavioral, skin issues (bacterial, viral, etc; sunburns; etc)

Question 5

Family-centered care: adolescents

Answer 5

12-18 yrs
Characteristics: bio, psycho, social changes
Issues: injuries, homicide, suicide; STD’s, pregnancy; mental health

Question 6

0-3 months: Erikson, Piaget, considerations, nursing implications

Answer 6

E: Trust v Mistrust
P: sensorimotor period
C: follow objects with eyes, recognizes familiar faces, grasp reflex disappears, babbles, echoes speaker, sble to raise head from prone position
NI: encourage “back to sleep”

Question 7

3-6 months: Erikson, Piaget, considerations, nursing implications

Answer 7

E: Trust v Mistrust
P: Sensorimotor
C: begins to fear strangers, teething, rolls, transfers hand to hand, begins self-feeding
NI: safety from falls

Question 8

6-12 months: Erikson, Piaget, considerations, nursing implications

Answer 8

E: Trust v Mistrust
P: sensorimotor
C: turns pages, Babinski disappears, searches for objects where last seen, imitates animal sounds
NI: safety from poisoning

Question 9

1-3 years: Erikson,, Piaget, considerations, nursing implications

Answer 9

E: Autonomy v Shame and Doubt
P: Sensorimotor (0-2) and preoperational (2-7)
C: parallel play, anterior fontanels close, temper tantrums, vocabulary of 300 words, points to body parts
NI: Safety in cars

Question 10

3-6 years: Erikson, Piaget, considerations, nursing implications

Answer 10

E: Initiative v Guilt
P: Preoperational (2-7)
C: Colors, sees death as temporary and reversible, vision reaches 20/20, loses teeth, imaginary playmates
NI: Safety from drowning

Question 11

6-11 years: Erikson, Piaget, considerations, nursing implications

Answer 11

E: Industry v Inferiority
P: Concrete operational (can use logical thought, but can only apply it to physical objects)
C: prefers same sex playmates, modesty, concept of time, peers become important
NI: sports safety

Question 12

12-18 years: Erikson, Piaget, considerations, nursing implications

Answer 12

E: identity v role confusion
P: Formal operational
C: Mood swings, abstract thoughts, body image, secondary sex characteristics, peer group gains greater influence
NI: safety from high risk behaviors (driving, suicide, smoking, etc.)

Question 13

Parallel play is common during \_\_\_.
A 6 mo
B 3 mo
C 9 mo
D 2 yr

Answer 13

D

Question 14

Anterior fontanels closes at \_\_\_.
A 9 mo
B 10 mo
C 18 mo
D 36 mo

Answer 14

C

Question 15

Vision reaches 20/20 at \_\_\_.
A 2 yr
B 8 yr
C 6 ye
D 13 yr

Answer 15

C

Question 16

Babinski reflex disappears at \_\_\_.
A 12 mo
B 2 yr
C 18 mo
D 24 yr

Answer 16

A

Question 17

Begins to fear strangers at \_\_\_.
A 9 mo
B 15 mo
C 12 mo
D 6 mo

Answer 17

D

Question 18

Grasp reflex disappears at \_\_\_.
A 3 mo
B 6 mo
C 9 mo
D 12 mo

Answer 18

A

Question 19

Sees death as temporary and reversible at \_\_\_.
A 7 yr
B 4 yr
C 2 yr
D 10 yr

Answer 19

B

Question 20

Very concerned about body image at \_\_\_.
A 10 yr
B 12 yr
C 9 yr
D 19 yr

Answer 20

B

Question 21

Secondary sex characteristics appear during \_\_\_.
A 10 yr
B 8 yr
C 15 yr
D 9 yr

Answer 21

C