Growth And Development

Question 1

Define the term ‘ growth’

Answer 1

Growth is the increase in a measurable quantity e.g. weight, height and any other body changes that happen

Question 2

What are the principles of growth?

Answer 2

1. Growth rates are variable
2. Different parts of the body grow at different rates/ stages

Question 3

What are the principles of development?

Answer 3

1. Development follows a definite, orderly sequence
2. Development begins with the head and continues down the body ( head to toe)
3. Development begins with Gross motor skills then moves to fine motor skills (inside out)

Question 4

What are gross motor skills ?

Answer 4

They are the control of large muscles

Question 5

What are fine motor skills?

Answer 5

The control of small muscles

Question 6

What are some influences of growth?

Answer 6

1. Die/ nutrition
2. Genetics
3. Health conditions
4. Physical fitness
5. Financial factors ( socioeconomic status)

Question 7

How can we measure growth?

Answer 7

Head circumference
BMI

Question 8

Give some examples of skills we develop from birth to 7 years 11 months

Answer 8

1. Cognitive skills
2. Communication
3. Fine / gross motor skills
4. Language skills
5. Running/ walking

Question 9

What is Atypical development?

Answer 9

Atypical development in children is often referred to a delay in their physical development, gross motor skills, emotional or social skills

Question 10

List the 4 Types of atypical development

Answer 10

1. Delayed global development
2. Gifted
3. Talented
4. Specific delay

Question 11

What is Gestation?

Answer 11

The period between conception and birth

Question 12

What is a rooting reflex?

Answer 12

The rooting reflex is when the corner of the baby’s mouth is stroked or touched. Infants search for food source with mouth and allows them to search for a nipple.

Question 13

What is a ‘Moro reflex’?

Answer 13

When an infant is startled. Arms will fling out sideways with the palms up and the thumbs flexed.

Question 14

3 month milestones

Answer 14

Fine motor skills - can hold a rattle for a moment
Gross motor skills - waves arms, lifts head and chest up

Question 15

6 month milestones

Answer 15

Fine motor skills - move toy from one hand to another
Gross motor skills - can roll over from back to front

Question 16

9 month milestones

Answer 16

Fine motor skills - grasp an object with index finger and thumb
Gross motor skills - likely crawling or rolling

Question 17

12 month milestones

Answer 17

Fine motor skills - pick up small objects with pincer grasp
Gross motor skills - walk holding onto furniture

Question 18

15 month milestones

Answer 18

Fine motor skills - use picker grasp to pick up small objects or crumbs up
Gross motor skills - walking with hesitation

Question 19

18 month milestones

Answer 19

Fine motor skills - use spoon to feed with
Gross motor skills - can squat to pick up a toy

Question 20

2 year milestones

Answer 20

Fine motor skills - can put on straightforward clothes e.g shoes ( may be on wrong feet )
Gross motor skills - can run

Question 21

3 year milestones

Answer 21

Fine motor skills - tripod grasp is developing and wash / dry hands with help
Gross motor skills - can run backwards and forwards and throw a large ball

Question 22

3 - 4 year milestones

Answer 22

Fine motor skills - button and unbutton own clothing
Gross motor skills - hops on one foot

Question 23

4 - 5 year milestones

Answer 23

Fine motor skills - forms letters and writes own name
Gross motor skills - throws a large ball to a partner and catches it

Question 24

5 - 8 year milestones

Answer 24

Fine motor skills - cuts out shapes accurately and produces detailed drawings.
Gross motor skills - can balance on a beam and chase or dodge others. Use a bicycle or roller skates