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Child Health > Growth > Flashcards

Growth Flashcards

1
Q

Growth charts:

Weight suggesting SGA is less than what centile?

A

<10th centile = SGA

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2
Q

Normal centiles to fall between for weight on growth chart?

A

10-90th centile

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3
Q

Weight that is LGA is > what centile ?

A

> 90th centile = LGA

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4
Q

Short stature defined as what on growth charts?

A

Length/height <2nd centile

Length/height > 2 standard deviations from mid parental height

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5
Q

When plotting growth chart for premature baby how do you adjust their age?

A

To adjust their age do:

40-their gestational age

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6
Q

What would be suspicious or worrying findings on growth chart?

A

Sudden change in centiles
Large discrepancy for age/weight centiles
Any measurements landing outside centiles

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7
Q

Considered normal to lose what percentage of body weight in 1st week of life?

Why?

A

5-10%

Baby loses water weight
Feeds not totally effective as baby still learning how to feed

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8
Q

When should BMI be calculated (if see what on growth chart)??

A

If weight centile >75th centile or
Considerable difference between height and weight centile
Calculate the childs BMI

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9
Q

BMI in child calculated by plotting height centile and weight centile.
Overweight = BMI over what centile?
Obese = BMI over what centile?

A

Overweight - BMI >91st centile

Obese - BMI >98th centile

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10
Q

Children with constituitonal delay - growth throughout child hood?
growth spurt at puberty?
growth following puberty ?

A

slow

delayed

normal - will reach normal adult height

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11
Q

when should pathological growth be considered??

A

child failing to thrive or sudden reduction in growth or height (fallen by >2 centiles ??)

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12
Q

If pathological growth:

possible DDx??

A 
Neglect
Endocrine - thyroid/GH
Malabsorptive conditions (crohns lactose intolerance, CF)
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13
Q

delayed puberty defined by?

A

abscence of secondary sexual characteristics

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14
Q

puberty in boys defined by what?

A

growth of testicles >4ml

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15
Q

who has growth spurt first boys or girls?

who ends up taller?

A

girls

boys

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16
Q

All children >6mths should take what supplements?

A

Vitamin A C and D supplements

17
Q

amount of food required to satisfy requirements of 97% of the population??

A

RNI (reference nutrient intake)

18
Q

Benefits of breast feeding?

A

improves bonding

reduces risk of breast cancer (for mother)

transfers IgA to baby

reduced lifetime risk of obesity, diabetes and atopy (for the baby)

19
Q

what supplements should all breast feeding mothers take ??

A

vit D supplements

20
Q

maternal complications of breast feeding?

A

mastitis and breast abscess

cracked nipples

21
Q

causes of cracked nipples in breast feeding?

A

poor attachment

mechanical pumping

22
Q

presentation of cracked nipples?

A

painful nipples

dry/cracked and blistered nipples

23
Q

management of cracked nipples??

A

encourage to CONTINUE breast feeding via milk expression

let nipples heal in time

24
Q

causes of breast engorgement ?

A

delayed first feed, ineffective feeds, restricted breast feeding

25
Q

presentation of breast engorgement ?

A

poor milk flow, enlarged, painful, swollen and shiny breasts

26
Q

Management of breast engorgement ?

A

Empty breasts regularly with hourly feeds or expression

27
Q

Bilateral extreme breast pain that is WORSE on feeding and baby pulls away from the breast during feeding ? Dx ?

A

Thrush

may cause oral thrush in the baby

28
Q

treatment for breast thrush for mother ?

A

topical meconazole

oral fluconazole

29
Q

treatment of oral thrush in baby < 4 months ?

A

oral nystatin

30
Q

treatment of oral thrush in baby >4 months?

A

miconazole gel

31
Q

Main contraindications to breast feeding ?

A 
HIV 
Drugs:
lithium
amiodarone
cytotoxics
anti depressants (except for SSRI)
32
Q

process of weaning should start at what age?

A

around 6 months

33
Q

at what age should full fat cows milk be introduced into childs diet?

A

aged 1

Child Health (3 decks)

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