GROWTH Flashcards
Growth Disturbance
general term that includes diseases characterized by an increase in tissue mass due to an overgrowth of a particular group of cells. Growth disturbances are also called TUMORS.CANCERS
Tumors may be discovered by
- Direct vision
- Palpation
- X-ray, CT, MRI
ONKUS
MEANS MASS IN GREEK
HYPERPLASIA
an increase in cell numbers, thus an increase in the size of tissue.
IE:Breast hyperplasia in response to pregnancy.
b. Lymph node hyperplasia in response to an inflammatory condition
NEOPLASMS
Means new growth.
Neoplasms are also called tumors and are abnormal growths of cells arising in any organ or tissue of the body.
CLASSIFICATION OF NEOPLASMS
- BENIGN NEOPLASMS:LOCALIZED AND DON’T INVADE. THEY CAN DISPLACE OR COMPRESS TISSUE AND HAVE TO BE SURGICALLY REMOVED
- MALIGNANT NEOPLASMS: CALLED CANCER/CARCINOMA. THEY INVADE AND DESTROY SURROUNDING TISSUE.
POLYPS
USUALLY TUMORS ON STALKS, ORIGINATE ON MUCOSAL SURFACES LIKE THE COLON. MAY BECOME MALIGNANT
METASTASIS
MOST DANGEROUS MALIGNANT NEOPLAMS
ENCAPSULATED (IN ONE AREA ONLY)
benign neoplasm that originates within solid organs or connective tissue compresses tissue around it to form a capsule.
ETIOLOGY OF MALIGNANT NEOPLASMS
VIRUSES, CHEMICAL AGENTS,PHYSICAL AGENTS (IE SUN,BAD FITTED DENTURES), HORMONE IMBALANCE, HEREDITY FACTORS
HYPERTROPHY
Refers to an increase in cell size. (Not cell numbers)
Carcinoma
If tumor arises in epithelium
Examples: Epithelium:
Adenocarcinoma of the colon: Malignant tumor of colon mucosa.
Adenocarcinoma of the breast: Malignant tumor of breast glands.
Gastric Carcinoma: Malignant tumor of the mucosa of the stomach.
Sarcoma
If tumor arises in nonepithelial tissue
Chondrosarcoma: Malignant tumor of cartilage
Osteosarcoma: Malignant tumor of bone.
