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SUFFIX > FRACTURES > Flashcards

FRACTURES Flashcards

1
Q

FRACTURE

A

BREAK IN CONTINUATIY OF THE BONE

OVER 2 MILLION FX OCCUR OF THE LONG BONES: Ie: arm, humerus, radius, ulnar

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2
Q

TYPES OF FRACTURES

A

COMPLETE, INCOMPLETE.,PARTIAL OR FRAGMENTED

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3
Q

Etiology of Fractures

A

TRAUMA OR PATHOLOGICAL

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4
Q

TRAUMA FRACTURE

A
  1. Trauma (an injury or wound)
    a. Direct Violence: FRACTURE AT SITE OF IMPACT. IE: FRACTURE WHERE CAR HIT
    b. Indirect Violence: FRACTURE OCCURS AT ANOTHER SITE IE: HAND PUT OUT TO BREAK FALL…HAND DOESN’T BREAK BUT SHOULDER DOES
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5
Q

PATHOLOGICAL FRACTURE

A

(Spontaneous): IE:OSETOMALACIA, OSTEOPOROSIS FRACTURES OCCUR DUE TO BONE DISEASE

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6
Q

SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS OF FRACTURES

A
  • LOSS OF MOVEMENT
  • PAIN
  • EDEMA
  • ECCHYOMOSIS (BRUISE)
  • HEMATOMA
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7
Q

TREATMENT OF FRACTURES

A

FIRST AID, REDUCE FRACTURE, DEBRIDEMENT, CASTING, BONE GRAFTING, ELECTRICAL STIMULATION, PHYSICAL THERAPY

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8
Q
  1. First aid OF TREATMENT OF FRACTURE
A

SPLINT/TX SHOCK

-ELEVATE

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9
Q
  1. Reduce fracture
A

DOCTOR REALIGNMENT OF BONE ..POSSIBLY POPPING JOPINT BACK INTO PLACE

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10
Q

CLOSED REDUCTION

A 
to set (reduce) a broken bone without cutting the skin open
IE:POPPING BACK INTO PLACE AND PUTTING CAST ON IT
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11
Q

OPEN REDUCTION

A

INTERNAL FIXATION:ORIF SURGICALLY PUTTING IT BACK INTO PLACE AND PUTTING CAST ON IT

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12
Q

DEBRIDEMENT

A

procedure for treating a wound in the skin. It involves thoroughly cleaning the wound and removing all hyperkeratotic (thickened skin or callus), infected, and nonviable (necrotic or dead) tissue, foreign debris, and residual material from dressings.

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13
Q

APPLICATION OF A CAST (CASTING)

A

(KEEP CAST DRY, CHECK FOR NUMBNESS, TINGLING, COLOR & TEMP OF FINGERS AND TOES) THE CASTS ARE USUALLY FIBERGLASS(CAN GET LIGHTLY WET AND USUALLY SMELL) OR PLASTER (CANNOT GET WET)

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14
Q

BONE GRAFTING

A

surgical procedure that uses transplanted bone to repair and rebuild diseased or damaged bones
IE: DENTAL IMPLANT

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15
Q

DISLOCATION

A

is a separation of two bones where they meet at a joint.

LIGAMENTS OVERSTRETCHED OR RIPPED

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16
Q

DISPLACEMENT

A

process of removing something from its usual or proper place or the state resulting from this : dislocation the displacement of a knee joint.

17
Q

Sprain

A

ACUTE INJURY, LIGAMENT EXTREMETIY IS MOVED OUT OF PLACE AND IT IS TORN OR STRETCHED

18
Q

Subluxation

A

PARTIAL DISLOCATION D/T TRAUMA

Bone becomes misaligned when compared to the bones located above it and below it

19
Q

BONE HEALING - DIVIDED INTO 3 PHASES

A

Inflammatory: HEMATOMA FORMATION (PUDDLING OF BLOOD)

  1. Reparative: CALLUS FORMATION IE:BRUISING SWELLING
  2. Remodeling: OSTEOBLASTS&FIBROBLASTS FORM AND GIVE STRENGTH
20
Q

FACTORS INFLUENCING BONE HEALING

A

TYPE OF BONE (LONG BONES HEAL QUICKER),AMOUNT OF TRAUMA, BONE LOSS, AGE. DELAYED UNION (HEALING TAKES LONGER)
,NON-UNION (DOESN’T HEAL)

21
Q

CAUSES OF NON-UNION

A

INFECTION, CIRCULATORY IMPAIRMENT, SEPARATION OF BONE FRAGMENTS, LOSS OF BONE SUBSTANCES

22
Q

MAL-UNION

A

HEALS BUT DOESN’T HEAL CORRECTLY, MAY HAVE TO BE REBROKEN AND SET AGAIN

23
Q

INFECTION

A

OSTEOMYELTITIS:BONE INFECTION

24
Q

CHONDO

A

RELATING TO CARTILAGE

25
Q

MYASTHENIA

A

autoimmune disease involving extreme weakness of CERTAIN muscles

26
Q

OSTEOPATHY

A

SOME TYPE OF BONE DISEASE

27
Q

ORTHOPEDICS

A

SCIENCE OF BONE AND MUSCLE

28
Q

Osteochondritis

A

painful type of osteochondrosis where the cartilage or bone in a joint is inflamed

29
Q

Osteogenesis

A

ORIGINATES IN THE BONE

30
Q

ARTHRALGIA

A

JOINT PAIN

31
Q

Osteochondritis dissecans

A

is a bone and cartilage condition that most often occurs in the knee

32
Q

SIMPLE FRACTURE(CLOSED)

A

DISPLACED/NOT. NOT BREAKING THROUGH THE SKIN

33
Q

COMPOUND FRACTURE (OPEN)

A

BONE STICKING THROUGH SKIN

34
Q

COMMINUTED

A

SPLINTERED BONE. VERY HARD TO FIX

35
Q

IMPACTED

A

TYPICALLY HIP OR SHOULDER. the broken ends of the bone are jammed together by the force of the injury.

36
Q

INCOMPLETE FRACTURE

A

BONE BREAKS BUT NOT ALL THE WAY THROUGH

37
Q

GREENSTICK FRACTURE

A

BONE BREAKS AND BENDS. DOESN’T BREAK ALL THE WAY THROUGH. HAPPENS ONLY IN CHILDREN

38
Q

DEPRESSED

A

ONLY IN SKULL . SKULL IS PRESSED DOWN. TYPICALLY HAPPENS BY FALLING OR IMPACTS TO THE HEAD

39
Q

COMPRESSED FRACTURE

A

HAPPENS IN THE SPINE. ASSOCIATED WITH OSTEOPOROSIS. TYPICALLY IN OLDER AGE

SUFFIX (3 decks)

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