Groups In The Periodic Table Flashcards
What group are neon gases?
0
Name 5 noble gases
Helium
Neon
Argon
Xenon
Radon
How many electrons does noble gases have on its outer shell?
Full outer shell
Characteristics of noble gases
- colourless (room temperature)
- low MP & BP
- poor conductors
- inert
What does inert mean?
Doesn’t react with anything
Uses for helium
Used in balloons and airship
Characteristics of helium
Very low density
Non-flammable
Uses for neon
Long-lasting illuminated signs
Use for argon
Added to the space above wine in a wine barrel
Why is argon added above wine barrels?
Stops oxygen reaching with wine
Density of argon?
Denser than air
Monatomic
Made up of single atoms
When you go down group 0…
BP
MP
Density increase
What group is alkali metals?
1
Name 6 of the alkali metals
Lithium
Sodium
Potassium
Rubidium
Caesium
Francium
What is the equation for metal hydroxides?
Alkali metal + water —> metal hydroxide + hydrogen
How many electrons on the outer shell of an alkali metal ?
1
Physical properties of alkali metals
low BP & MP
Very soft
What happens when lithium reacts with water?
Fizzing vigorously
Moves around the surface
What happens when sodium reacts with water?
Fizzing
Heat energy melts metal into a ball
What happens when potassium melts in water?
Fizzing
Floating
Lilac flame
What can alkali metals form?
Ionic compounds
As you go down the group 1…
Gets more reactive
What group is the halogens?
7
Name 5 of the halogens
Fluorine
Chlorine
Bromine
Iodine
Astatine
How many electrons are on the outer shell of halogens
7
What type of molecules are the halogens?
Diatomic
Characteristics of chlorine
- fairly reactive
- poisonous
- green gas
Characteristics of bromine
- poisonous
- red/brown liquid, giving of orange vapour
Characteristics of iodine
- dark grey crystalline solid
- purple vapour (when heated)
Test for chlorine
Damp blue litmus paper turns red then bleaches white
As you go down group 7…
MP & BP increases
Becomes less reactive
What do halogens need to gain?
Need to gain 1 electron
Forming 1- ion
How can an halogen element get more reactive?
A smaller atomic radius, the easier it is to attract
Why is it more reactive down the group?
It’s easier to attract the electron
How does a hydrogen halide form?
Halogen + hydrogen —> hydrogen halide
How does a metal halide form?
Halogen + metal —> metal halide
Describe hydrogen halides
They are soluble
They dissolve in water to become acid solutions
What is a displacement reaction?
More reactive elements displaces a less reactive element from a compound
