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AQA GCSE Chemistry Revision > Groups in the periodic table > Flashcards

Groups in the periodic table Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the name given to elements in group 0?

A

Nobel gases

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2
Q

What is the trend in boiling point as you go down group 0?

A

As you go down group 0, the boiling point increases

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3
Q

Which element in group 0 has the lowest boiling point (boils at the lowest temperature)?

A

Helium

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4
Q

Explain why boiling point increases as you go down group 0.

A
  • the atoms become larger
  • the intermolecular forces between the atoms become stronger
  • more energy is needed to overcome these forces
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5
Q

Noble gases are inert.
What does this mean?

A

They are extremely unreactive and do not take part in chemical reactions

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6
Q

Why are noble gases unreactive?

A

Because they have complete outer shells

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7
Q

What are group 1 elements known as?

A

Alkali metals

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8
Q

Give three properties of alkali metals.

A
  • Soft (can be cut with a knife)
  • Low melting points
  • Low densitiies
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9
Q

Describe the trend in melting point as you go down group 1.

A

As you go down group 1, the melting point decreases

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10
Q

How many electrons do alkali metals have in their outer shells?

A

One

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11
Q

Give the word equation for the reaction of an alkali metal with water.

A

Alkali metal + water → metal hydroxide + hydrogen

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12
Q

What two things are made when sodium reacts with water?

A

Sodium hydroxide and hydrogen

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13
Q

After a reaction of an alkali metal in water, universal indicator will turn purple.

Explain why.

A

Metal hydroxides are produced, which are alkalis (have a pH of more than 7).

Alkalis turn universal indicator purple.

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14
Q

Which alkali metal produces a lilac flame when it reacts in water?

A

Potassium

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15
Q

Write a word equation for the reaction of an alkali metal with oxygen.

A

alkali metal + oxygen → metal oxide

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16
Q

sodium + chlorine →

A

sodium chloride

17
Q

Describe the trend in reactivity as you go down group 1.

A

As you go down group 1, the elements become MORE reactive

18
Q

Explain why the elements become more reactive as you go down group 1.

A
  • the atoms become larger
  • the outer electron becomes further from the nucleus
  • the force of attraction between the nucleus and the outer electron decreases
  • the outer electron is lost more easily
19
Q

What is the name given to elements in group 7?

A

Halogens

20
Q

Which halogen is a pale green gas at room temperature?

A

Chlorine

21
Q

Which halogen is a brown liquid gas at room temperature?

A

Bromine

22
Q

Which halogen is a purple solid gas at room temperature?

A

Iodine

23
Q

Describe the trend in melting point and boiling point as you go down group 7.

A

As you go down group 7, the melting point and boiling point INCREASE

24
Q

Explain why the melting and boiling points increase as you go down group 7.

A
  • the molecules become larger
  • the intermolecular forces become stronger
  • more energy is needed to overcome these forces
25
Q

How many electrons do halogens have in their outer shell?

A

Seven

26
Q

What is made when a halogen reacts with a metal?

A

A salt

27
Q

sodium + chlorine →

A

Sodium chloride

28
Q

Describe the trend in reactivity as you go down group 7.

A

As you go down group 7, reactivity DECREASES (halogens become LESS reactive)

29
Q

chlorine + potassium iodide →

A

potassium chloride + iodine

AQA GCSE Chemistry Revision (13 decks)

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