Group decision making I Flashcards

1
Q

Processes by which groups move towards consensus and reach decisions is called?

A

Group decision making

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2
Q

Models suggested by research in group decisions processes are?

A

social transition schemes and social decision schemes

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3
Q

The rules or models indicating how groups move through different patterns of members’ views until a final decision is made is?

A

Social transition schemes/rules

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4
Q

How many stages do groups move through in making decisions?

A

4

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5
Q

The stage that involves the group identifying the task it is supposed or trying to accomplish and the strategy it will use to solve it is called?

A

Orientation stage

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6
Q

Where the group gathers information identifying possible solutions and assesses or evaluates them is called

A

discussion stage

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7
Q

Where group members both implicit or explicit decision rules to arrive at a decision is called?

A

Decision stage

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8
Q

Where the group evaluates the decision made and goes on to carry out or execute it is called?

A

implementation stage

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9
Q

Rules relating the initial distribution of member’s views or preferences to the group’s final decisions is called?

A

social decision schemes

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10
Q

When this rule is being used it means all members must agree on the same position. What is this rule called?

A

unanimity rule

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11
Q

When there is no clear majority, the group opts for the position that has the most support. What rule is this?

A

Plurality-wins rule

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12
Q

Plurality-wins rule is also called…?

A

simple majority

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13
Q

Where a group makes a decision when a stance is favored by two-thirds of its members is called?

A

Two-thirds majority rule

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14
Q

Where the correct solution or view will ultimately predominate is called?

A

The truth wins rule

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15
Q

Where the group adopts a position consistent with the direction of the 1st shift in opinion shown by any of its members is called?

A

The 1st shift rule

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16
Q

Instances where the leader of a group exercises his veto power is called?

A

decision by proclamation

17
Q

The rule that suggests agreement through a process of formal negotiation between parties unable to reach a decision is called?

A

Arbitration

18
Q

A process used to generate multiple ideas and alternatives for problem solving is called?

A

brainstorming

19
Q

Who developed the concept of brainstorming and why?

A

A.F Osborn to increase creativity

20
Q

What technique is used to generate ideas like brainstorming and evaluate the ideas generated selecting alternatives and or solutions?

A

nominal group technique

21
Q

The technique employed to solve problems by experts who are not physically present at a common location but dispersed is called?

A

The delphi technique

22
Q

Presenting opinions and gaining agreement to support a decision is called

A

consensus

23
Q

The practice of choosing a solution that meets a minimum acceptable standard rather than searching for the best possible solution is called ?

A

Satisficing or saficing

24
Q

The practice where group members exchange support for decisions based on previous favors or agreements, rather than on the merits of the current issue is called

A

Horse trading

25
Q

Who hypothesized that groups would choose a more risky decision as compared to individual members?

A

Stoner (1961)

26
Q

The tendency for groups to make riskier decisions than individuals would make on their own is called

A

risky shift

27
Q

The tendency for groups to make more conservative decisions than individuals would make on their own is called

A

Cautious shift

28
Q

The tendency for a group decision to be either more cautious or more risky than an individual decision depending on the dominant tendency of the group is called

A

Polarization

29
Q

The view that suggests that between group decisions individuals think that their views are better than others but may experience a rude awakening discovering that their views are not really better than others is called?

A

Social comparison view

30
Q

The view that suggests that during group discussions most information presented by group members tend to support individuals own views and they provide more information which other members had not thought about to strengthen their position is called ?

A

Persuasive arguments view

31
Q

The shift to the middle often when group members are about evenly distributed on an issue is called?

A

De-polarization