Group and individual behaviour

Question 1

Democracy

Answer 1

Where everyone gets a say and leaders are vote into power.

Question 2

Authoritarian

Answer 2

Authoritarian – A form of governing that values order and control over personal freedom.

Question 3

Laissez-faire

Answer 3

It is simply described as “let people do what they want,” it allows to be free to a point without the government.

Question 4

The Stanford Prison experiment

Answer 4

The Stanford prison experiment was conducted in 1971 by Philip Zimbardo of Stanford University, it was a study into the human reaction of being put in captivity (in this case, being put in prison), it also looked into the way that people adapt when being put in a position of power or in a hierarchy class system (upper class or lower class).

Question 5

Group

Answer 5

Two or more people who interact with each other, are influenced by each other and who share a common purpose.

Question 6

Power

Answer 6

Is the ability someone has to get someone else to do something for them.

Question 7

Leadership

Answer 7

Can be defined as the ability to manage or regulate other people. But it’s more than ‘power’ and there are different styles of leadership.

Question 8

Six Types of Group Powers

Answer 8

Six Types of Group Powers:

1. Coercive
2. Reward
3. Information
4. Legitimate
5. Expert
6. Referent

Question 9

Coercive

Answer 9

Coercive – When you set up a situation where a person has no choice but to do what you want you want, this may be done through threats or force.

Question 10

Reward

Answer 10

Reward – Getting people to do what you want by rewarding them, this is basically bribing. It may be done with money, or with promises.

Question 11

Information

Answer 11

Information - Where you are in power because of the knowledge you hold on a specific topic, reluctantly giving any knowledge away. This form of leadership is often short lived.

Question 12

Legitimate

Answer 12

Legitimate – The boss has the most power.

Question 13

Expert

Answer 13

Expert – Expert power is where you are in a higher position of power based on your knowledge and skill alone, this is an honest way to be in power and is morally just.

Question 14

Referent

Answer 14

Referent – Referent power is where a person is able to be in power because of the admiration which is held by their followers.

Question 15

Confederate

Answer 15

A confederate is a planted actor in an experiment; someone who works with the experimenter e.g. ‘learner’ in Milgram’s experiment.

Question 16

Solomon Asch Conformity Experiment

Answer 16

The Asch Experiment, by Solomon Asch, was a famous experiment designed to test how peer pressure to conform would influence the judgment and individuality of a test subject.

Question 17

Bystander Effect

Answer 17

People are more likely to help others when he/she is alone than when there are others around.

Question 18

Bystander intervention

Answer 18

A person voluntarily helping someone.

Question 19

The decision stage model of helping

Answer 19

1. Noticing the need for help.
2. Deciding that it is an emergency.
3. Deciding to take responsibility.
4. Deciding on a way to help.
5. Taking action to help.

Question 20

Social Norms

Answer 20

A norm is a form of action or behaviour that is standardised and expected in society, they are learned and provide a background for human social interaction

Question 21

Personal Factors

Answer 21

Empathy, mood, competence

Question 22

Altruism

Answer 22

Helping someone for the sake of helping them, without the want for anything in return.

Question 23

What is anti-social Behaviour (A reluctance to help others)

Answer 23

1. Behaviour that is harmful to others and to the community
2. Prejudice and aggression are two particularly harmful anti-social behaviours
3. Can be hostile, immediate response
4. Can be deliberate over time