Group A Flashcards
As part of a routine preschool screening, an SLPS L P tests a 4 year old whose speech is characterized by sound omissions, hypernasality, nasal emission, and weak consonants. Which of the following would be most appropriately evaluated initially?
A.Oral-motor behavior
B.Velopharyngeal function
C.Laryngeal function
D.Phonological awareness
Option (B) is correct. The characteristics described are consistent with a resonance disorder, hence velopharyngeal function would be evaluated initially.
Which of the following is the minimal contrast approach most appropriately used to treat?
A.Phonological disorders
B.Dysphagia
C.Dysarthria
D.Global aphasia
Option (A) is correct. Minimal contrast approach was one of the first approaches designed to adhere to phonological principles of intervention.
Alicia is a fourth-grade student with a language impairment that interferes with her academic performance and social communication. On a standardized test of expressive language ability, she received an overall score of 97.5, placing her in the 65thsixty fifth percentile. Alicia’s test result indicates that she
A.performed as well as or better than 65% of the individuals on whom the norms were developed
B.responded correctly to 65% of the 150 items included in the expressive-language test
C.performed as well as or better than 65% of the other fourth graders who took the same test
D.responded correctly to 97.5% of the test items, as did 65% of the other children taking the test
Option (A) is correct. Percentile rank is the percentage of the scores within the norm range that are equal to or lower than the score gained by the student
Which THREE of the following variables are considered risk factors for late language emergence?
A.Male gender B.Access to print material C.Low socioeconomic status D.Moderately low birth weight E.Exposure to rich and varied vocabulary
Options (A), (C), and (D) are correct. Being of male gender is a risk factor cited by both ASHAA S H A and researchers for late-talking toddlers. Having a low SESS E S is considered a risk factor by ASHAA S H A and researchers for late talking. Finally low birth weight is a risk factor as well.
During a trip to the grocery store, a three-year-old boy with delayed language points to an apple on the floor and says to his mother, “Apple.” The boy’s mother says, “Yes, that’s a big, shiny apple.”
Based on the mother’s response, which of the following language stimulation techniques is she using?
A.Imitation
B.Parallel talk
C.Think aloud
D.Expansion
Option (D) is correct. Expansion is a method that entails providing a subject a more complex speech model but does not directly stimulate another response from the subject.
An SLPS L P works with a 4-year-old patient diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder. The patient is nonverbal, does not have a functional communication system, and does not follow simple directions. Which of the following communicative target goals is most appropriate for the SLPS L P to prioritize for the patient?
A.Matching identical pictures in an array of pictures
B.Requesting wants in any modality
C.Labeling of common items verbally
D.Imitating a sequence of two actions
Option (B) is correct. Requests (mands) are very important for the early development of language and for day-to-day verbal interactions with others. Requests (mands) are usually the first type of communication acquired by an infant.
A 75-year-old patient with a history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease underwent a three-vessel coronary artery bypass graft surgery. The patient needed to be intubated for three days following surgery. After extubation, the medical team requested a swallow consultation to determine if it was safe for the patient to take oral medications and initiate oral nutrition. Based on the patient’s condition, which of the following assessment procedures is most appropriate for an SLPS L P to practice?
A.Administering a clinical bedside swallow evaluation and recommending an oral diet as there were no clinical signs or symptoms of aspiration during the evaluation
B.Deferring the evaluation for 24 hours because the patient was just extubated to allow a possible improvement in the patient’s swallow function before evaluation
C.Completing a clinical bedside swallow evaluation to determine patient readiness for an instrumental evaluation and then completing the instrumental evaluation if the patient is ready
D.Determining any preexisting dysphagia with the patient and the patient’s family; if there is no history of dysphagia, recommending to advance the patient’s diet
Option (C) is correct. Several studies using instrumental assessment have concluded that some patients recover airway protection and swallow function within 24 hours of extubation and others much later than 24 hours post-extubation following prolonged endotracheal intubation, suggesting that a 24-hour “deferral time” benchmark is not particularly useful.
Which of the following procedures is most important for an SLPS L P to consider when assessing the social aspect of a school-age child’s communication skills?
A.Collecting a language sample to assess narrative skills
B.Assessing expressive vocabulary used by the child on a picture vocabulary test
C.Observing the child interacting with peers in natural settings, such as during recess
D.Looking for a discrepancy between the child’s IQI Q and communication skills to determine eligibility
Option (C) is correct. Informal observation of a student in a natural setting is part of a comprehensive assessment. A determination of eligibility for SLPS L P services in a school must be made from more than one source and should include authentic assessment in an informal setting.
Which TWO of the following statements about the results of a screening test are correct?
A.Sensitivity is the proportion of people who fail the screening test who are aspirators
B.Specificity is the proportion of people who pass the screening test who are aspirators
C.Sensitivity is the proportion of people who pass the screening test who are not aspirators
D.Specificity is the proportion of people who pass the screening test who are not aspirators
Options (A) and (D) are correct. The screening test’s sensitivity is the proportion of patients who aspirated and failed the screen (top cell in the first column) to the total of all patients who aspirated (total of the first column). The screening test’s specificity is the proportion of patients who did not aspirate and passed the screen (bottom cell in the second column) to the total of all patients who did not aspirate on the VFSSV F S S (total of second column).
During a speech-language evaluation at a preschool, a child has difficulty with receptive language tasks and responds with only one-word utterances to expressive language items. The child’s eye contact is poor throughout the session. When observed with the other children in class, the child does not engage with peers but prefers self-stimulating behaviors such as flapping arms and throwing papers up in the air. According to the child’s teacher, these are typical behaviors for the child. Given the data obtained, which of the following steps is most appropriate for the SLPS L P to take next?
A.Engaging in an interprofessional practice (IPPI P P) to determine the appropriate diagnosis of ASDA S D
B.Conducting the full evaluation when the child is more cooperative so that accurate recommendations can be made
C.Initiating expressive language therapy to focus on expanding conversational utterances
D.Training the teacher to deliver language stimulation tasks because the child does not respond well to the SLP
Option (A) is correct. Although it is in the SLP’sS L P’s scope of practice to diagnose ASDA S D, it is stated that best practice suggests a team approach when making this determination.
Christel and Sharon are 14-month-old fraternal twins. Christel has more intelligible words than her sister, although she talks far less frequently. Sharon speaks almost exclusively in running jargon that nobody understands. Their parents are worried about Sharon’s development because her language skills appear to be behind those of her sister. Which of the following is an SLP’sS L P’s best response to the parents’ concern?
A.At Sharon’s age, jargon is normal and may even continue for another three to four months.
B.Christel’s language development is more abnormal because she should be beyond single words.
C.Both girls were exposed to the same language environments, so the relative lack of intelligible words indicates a language delay.
D.Jargon should not persist past the age of 12 months and thus Sharon may be presenting a language disorder.
Option (A) is correct. Jargon typically continues until around 18 months of age.
n SLPS L P engages in interprofessional practice in a large health care center and works with a neurologic rehabilitation team to treat a patient who is status post left-hemisphere stroke. The SLP’sS L P’s primary focus on the team is to
A.lead the interdisciplinary team to improve patient care
B.reduce costs and the number of professionals working at the site
C.obtain licenses in multiple areas of practice to engage in a range of services
D.improve the patient experience and outcome of care at the site
Option (D) is correct. The primary goal of interprofessional practice is to improve patient care.
Which of the following communication diagnoses would most likely require a treatment program that is focused on improving auditory language comprehension?
A.Right-hemisphere communication impairment
B.Global aphasia
C.Wernicke’s aphasia
D.Broca’s aphasia
Option (C) is correct. The hallmark of Wernicke’s aphasia is deficits in auditory comprehension, because the site of lesions is most typically the left superior temporal gyrus.
Which of the following procedures best establishes whether velopharyngeal dysfunction causing hypernasality is present in a patient with flaccid dysarthria?
A.A nasopharyngoscopy
B.A videofluoroscopic swallow study
C.A laryngoscopy
D.A manometry
Option (C) is correct. Laryngoscopy is the only procedure that allows visualization of the velopharyngeal port during speech.
The parents of an 8-year-old boy who stutters are upset because their child was placed in the lowest reading group at school because of his poor performance on an oral reading fluency assessment in the classroom. The parents are very sure that their child is reading at an average to above-average level compared to his classmates. The SLP’sS L P’s informal observations of the boy’s reading performance during fluency therapy sessions are consistent with the parents’ report. Which of the following is the most appropriate way for the SLPS L P to advocate for the boy?
A.Offer to conduct a reading assessment with the boy and report the score to the boy’s teacher.
B.Recommend that the teacher reassess the child’s reading level with an assessment that uses silent reading.
C.Wait until the child’s speech improves in therapy, and then ask the child’s teacher to readminister the oral reading assessment.
D.Encourage the child to continue practicing oral reading to demonstrate to his teacher that individuals who stutter can read as well as other people.
Option (B) is correct. The boy’s stuttering is affecting his fluency during oral reading, so an assessment of his silent reading fluency will provide more valid results.
