Group 8: ATP-ADP Cycle

Question 1

What are autotrophs?

Answer 1

are organisms capable of making their own food.They use light energy from the sun to produce glucose (sugar).

Question 2

What are Heterotrophs?

Answer 2

are organisms that are not capable of making their own food. They must eat plants, or other animals that eats plants. For example, bacteria, fungi, animals and humans.

Question 3

What is ATP ( Adenosine Triphosphate)

Answer 3

It is the major energy currency of the cell that provides the energy for the most of the energy consuming activities of the cell.

Question 4

What are the 5 smaller molecules bonded together to form ATP?

Answer 4

1. ) Adenine
2. ) Ribose
3. ) 3 Phosphate Group

Question 5

It powers cellular work

Answer 5

ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate)

Question 6

What are the 3 main kinds of cellular work?

Answer 6

chemical work, transport work, and mechanical work

Question 7

it is the synthesis of polymers from monomers (pushing of endergonic reactions)

Answer 7

chemical work of cells

Question 8

it is the pumping of substances across membranes (against the direction of spontaneous movement)

Answer 8

transport work of cells

Question 9

it is the beating of cilia, contraction of muscles

Answer 9

mechanical work of cells

Question 10

What are the 2 types of reactions?

Answer 10

Endergonic Reactions (Anabolic Reactions) and Exergonic Reaction (Catabolic Reaction)

Question 11

This type of reaction requires energy; will not take place on its own without the transfer of energy into the reaction.

Answer 11

Endergonic Reactions (Anabolic Reaction)

Question 12

This type of reaction releases energy; can occur without the addition of energy.

Answer 12

Exergonic Reaction (Catabolic Reaction)

Question 13

It is a type of reaction that is non-spontaneous and commonly occurs in organisms because they need to synthesize complex molecules such as fats, amino acids, and sugars.

Answer 13

Endergonic Reactions (Anabolic Reaction)

Question 14

This type of reaction is Spontaneous. Favorable chemical reactions wherein the product is at a low energy level than of the reactants. The reactions release more energy than what was initially required.

Answer 14

Exergonic Reaction (Catabolic Reaction)

Question 15

It has to do with the storage and use of energy in living things and organisms.

Answer 15

ATP-ADP Cycle

Question 16

What are the two types of energy?

Answer 16

Kinetic (free energy) and Potential Energy (stored energy)

Question 17

Why does chemical bonds contain potential energy?

Answer 17

This is because when they are broken down the stored energy within them is released.

Question 18

What type of energy is responsible for synthesis?

Answer 18

Kinetic Energy

Question 19

It is the process of breaking down of bonds between phosphate groups.

Answer 19

Hydrolysis of ATP

Question 20

Adenosine Diphosphate or ADP occurs in this part of the cycle.

Answer 20

Hydrolysis of ATP

Question 21

“It is referred to as ““high energy”” bonds and is the bond between the phosphate groups.”

Answer 21

Phosphoanhydride Bonding

Question 22

It is used to harness the energy within the bonds of ATP

Answer 22

Reaction Coupling/Energy Coupling

Question 23

How do we regenerate ATP?

Answer 23

addition of phosphate to ADP (Adenosine Diphosphate)

Question 24

What type of reaction provides the free energy to phosphorylate ADP

Answer 24

Catabolism (Exergonic)

Question 25

It is the shuttling of inorganic phosphate and energy.

Answer 25

ATP Cycle

Question 26

How fast does ATP Regeneration happens?

Answer 26

10M molecules of ATP used ad regenerated per second

Question 27

What happens when ATP could not be regenerated by phosphorylation of ADP?

Answer 27

HUMANS would use nearly their body weight in ATP each day.

Question 28

It is a separation technique used to identify various components of mixtures based on the differences in their structure and/or composition.

Answer 28

Chromatography

Question 29

These are substances that absorb visible light. It absorbs light of different wavelengths.

Answer 29

Pigments

Question 30

What is the wavelength of visible light?

Answer 30

380-750 nm

Question 31

It is the greenish pigment found in the thylakoid membrane inside the chloroplast of a plant cell.

Answer 31

Chlorophyll

Question 32

Why do leaves appear green?

Answer 32

Chlorophyll absorbs blue and red light while it transmits and reflects green light.

Question 33

It is the primary pigment in photosynthesis, and it directly participates in converting solar energy to chemical energy. It also absorbs light from the orange-red and violet-blue areas of the electromagnetic spectrum.

Answer 33

Chlorophyll A

Question 34

What are the main types of Chlorophyll?

Answer 34

Chlorophyll A (primary pigment) and Chlorophyll B (accessory pigment)

Question 35

What consists of the structure of chlorophyll?

Answer 35

The structure of chlorophyll consists of a porphyrin ring, which is the
head, and a lipid-soluble hydrocarbon as its tail.