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Sophomore 2 Test 1 > Group > Flashcards

Group Flashcards

1
Q

Membership of a group is usually formed by what 2 ways?

A
  1. By chance = born into the a group (royalty)

2. Circumstance = a result of life-cycle events that a person may or may not have control over

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2
Q

Advantages of Groups

A
  1. Group members learn from each other by sharing experiences
  2. More than one group member can participate at a time
  3. Ideal for most settings
  4. Groups can also vary in purpose
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3
Q

How can groups vary in purpose?

A

Groups can be of a social purpose, such as a ballgame or a concert. They could also range all the way to an intensive psychotherapy group

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4
Q

Open Group

A
  • Permits termination of members at different points and their substitution by new members
  • Typical on inpatient units
  • Example: stress management group that is part of an ongoing program in an inpatient group
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5
Q

Closed Group

A
  • Members begin and end the group at the same time
  • No new members can join or be admitted
  • Meet weekly for a specified period
  • Example: outpatient smoking cessation therapy, psychotherapy, psychoeducation groups
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6
Q

Very Small Groups

A

Dyads (two people) and Triads (three people)

  • Can provide a richer personal experience
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7
Q

Small Groups

A

Usually no more than 7 members

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8
Q

Advantages of Small Groups

A
  1. Great for complex emotional problems
  2. Group becomes more cohesive
  3. There is less likelihood of subgroup formation
  4. Can provide a more intimate experience than larger groups
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9
Q

Disadvantages of Small Groups

A

Cannot easily withstand the loss of a group member

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10
Q

Large Groups

A
  • More than 8-10 members
  • Often seen in the workplace
  • Effective for specific problems or issues
  • Can be ongoing and open ended
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11
Q

Advantages of Larger Groups

A
  1. Provide more learning opportunities to learn from others in the group
  2. Can provide diverse life experiences, which provide an increase in problem solving
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12
Q

Disadvantages of Larger Groups

A
  1. Can form subgroups (can make it difficult to develop cohesiveness in the group)
  2. Less time to offer each member (if there are more members there is less time the group members have to speak and less time to problem solve)
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13
Q

How should chairs be arranged in group therapy?

A

Chairs should be arranged in a circle with no table. There should be no assigned seats.

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14
Q

Autocratic Leadership: Focus

A

Focus is on the leader, not the members

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15
Q

Autocratic Leadership: Task Strategy

A

Members are persuaded to adopt leader’s ideas

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16
Q

Autocratic Leadership: Member Participation

A

Limited

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17
Q

Autocratic Leadership: Individual Creativity

A

Stifled

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18
Q

Autocratic Leadership: Member Enthusiasm and Morale

A

Low

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19
Q

Autocratic Leadership: Group Cohesiveness

A

Low

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20
Q

Autocratic Leadership: Productivity

A

High

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21
Q

Autocratic Leadership: Individual Motivation

A

Low; tend to work only when leader is present to urge them to do so

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22
Q

When is it good to have a group where there is a autocratic leader?

A

For new groups

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23
Q

Democratic Leadership: Focus

A

Members

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24
Q

Democratic Leadership: Task Strategy

A

Members engage in group problem solving

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25
Q

Democratic Leadership: Members Participation

A

Unlimited

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26
Q

Democratic Leadership: Individual Creativity

A

Encouraged

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27
Q

Democratic Leadership: Member Enthusiasm and Morale

A

High

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28
Q

Democratic Leadership: Group Cohesiveness

A

High

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29
Q

Democratic Leadership: Productivity

A

High (but not as high as autocratic)

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30
Q

Democratic Leadership: Individual Motivation

A

High

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31
Q

Co-Leadership

A

When 2 people share responsibility for leading the group, is useful in most groups as long as co-leaders attend all sessions and maintain open communication. Co-leadership works well when the co-leaders plan together and meet before and after each session to discuss the group process

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32
Q

Laissez-Fare Leadership: Focus

A

Undetermined

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33
Q

Laissez-Fare Leadership: Task Strategy

A

Not defined

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34
Q

Laissez-Fare Leadership: Members Participation

A

Inconsistent

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35
Q

Laissez-Fare Leadership: Individual Creativity

A

Not addressed

36
Q

Laissez-Fare Leadership: Member Enthusiasm and Morale

A

Low

37
Q

Laissez-Fare Leadership: Group Cohesiveness

A

Low

38
Q

Laissez-Fare Leadership: Productivity

A

Low

39
Q

Laissez-Fare Leadership: Individual Motivation

A

Low (due to feelings from lack of direction)

40
Q

Special Functions of a Group

A
  1. Socialization
  2. Support
  3. Task Completion
  4. Camaraderie
  5. Informational
  6. Normative
  7. Empowerment
  8. Governance
41
Q

Special Functions of a Group: Socialization

A

Teaches social norms

42
Q

Special Functions of a Group: Support

A

Available in a time of need

43
Q

Special Functions of a Group: Task Completion

A

Provide assistance in tasks which are beyond the control of one person

44
Q

Special Functions of a Group: Camaraderie

A

Provides joy and pleasure that one may seek from interaction with others

45
Q

Special Functions of a Group: Informational

A

Learning opportunities are provided in the group

46
Q

Special Functions of a Group: Normative

A

Refers to a way that members enforce established norms within the group

47
Q

Special Functions of a Group: Empowerment

A

Provides support to other members who seek to bring about change

48
Q

Special Functions of a Group: Governance

A

Formation of committees that report to a larger group of members within the group

49
Q

Stages of Groups Development

A
  1. Forming
  2. Storming
  3. Norming
  4. Performing
  5. Adjourning (mourning)
50
Q

Forming Stage of Group Development

A
  • Task/purpose of group is defined
  • Connect with others, desires acceptance, avoiding conflict defines these early groups
  • Members gather commonalities and differences as they attempt to know one another
  • Leader is main connection and necessary for direction
51
Q

Storming Stage of Group Development

A
  • Important issues are addressed
  • Conflict arises
  • Personal relations may interfere with task at hand
  • Domination may occur with some members while others remain silent
  • Rules and structure are helpful
  • Members may challenge the role of the leader
52
Q

Norming Stage of Group Development

A
  • Members know one another and rules of engagement are evident
  • Sense of group identity and cohesion
  • Members resist change: could lead to a group breakup or return to the previous stage or storming
  • Leadership is shared
53
Q

Performing Stage of Group Development

A
  • Characterized by: loyalty, flexibility, interdependence, and productivity
  • Balance between focus on work and focus on the welfare of group members
54
Q

Adjourning/Mourning Stage of Group Development

A
  • Ready to disband, tasks are terminated, disengagement of relationships
  • Accomplishments are recognized
  • Members are pleased to have been part of a group
  • Sense of loss is an inevitable consequence
55
Q

The 2 official/formal group roles

A
  1. Leader

2. Member

56
Q

Task Roles

A

Individuals who are concerned about the purpose of the group and “keeping things on task”

57
Q

Examples of Task Roles

A
  • Information seeker who seeks clarification

- Recorder keeps the minutes

58
Q

Maintenance Roles

A

Assumed by those who keep the group together. These members make sure that the group gets along with each other and maintains the peace if conflict erupts. Maintenance role members are interested in maintaining the cohesiveness of the group

59
Q

Examples of Maintenance Roles

A
  • Harmonizer: mediates differences among members and relieves tension in conflict situations
  • Compromiser: operates from within a conflict and may yield status or admit error to maintain group harmony
60
Q

Individual/Personal Roles of a Group

A
  1. Aggressor
  2. Blocker
  3. Dominator
  4. Help-Seeker
  5. Monopolizer
  6. Playboy
  7. Seducer
  8. Mute or Silent Member
  9. Recognition Seeker
61
Q

Aggressor

A

Expresses negativism and hostility toward other members; may use sarcasm in effort too degrade the status of others

62
Q

Blocker

A

Resists group efforts; demonstrates rigid and sometimes irrational behaviors that impede group progress

63
Q

Dominator

A

Manipulates others to gain control; behaves in an authoritarian manner

64
Q

Help-Seeker

A

Uses group to gain sympathy from others; seeks to increase self-confidence from group feedback; lacks concern for others or for the group as a whole

65
Q

Monopolizer

A

Maintains control of the group by dominating the conversation

66
Q

Playboy

A

Distracts others from the task; jokes, introduces irrelevant topics

67
Q

Seducer

A

Shares intimate details about self with group; may frighten others in the group and inhibit group progress with excessive premature self-disclosure

68
Q

Mute or Silent Member

A

Does not participate verbally; remains silent for a number of reasons - may feel uncomfortable with self disclosure or may be seeking attention through silence

69
Q

Recognition Seeker

A

Talks about personal accomplishments to gain attention to self

70
Q

Psychoeducation Groups

A
  • Purpose: to enhance knowledge, improve skills, and solve problems
  • Focus: enhance education
  • The group leader develops a lesson plan for each session
  • Time limited and usually lasts only a few session
71
Q

Task Groups

A
  • Purpose: to accomplish a specific outcome
  • Focus: problem solving and decision making
  • Typically time limited and have a common goal
  • Purpose of the leader is to facilitate team building and cooperation
72
Q

Self-Help Groups

A
  • Purpose: allows patients to verbalize fears
  • Focus: provides a relief of isolation while receiving comfort in like-situations
  • Brings people together with common concerns
  • May be facilitated by professional group therapists who have diverse styles
73
Q

Example of Self-Help Groups

A
  1. Alcoholics Anonymous
  2. Overeaters Anonymous
  3. MADD
74
Q

Benefits of Groups Therapy (11)

A
  1. The instillation of hope
  2. Universality
  3. The imparting of information
  4. Altruism
  5. The corrective recapitulation of the primary family group
  6. The development of socializing techniques
  7. Imitative behavior
  8. Interpersonal learning
  9. Groups cohesiveness
  10. Catharsis
  11. Existential factors
75
Q

Benefits of Groups Therapy: The Instillation of Hope

A

Observation of others with similar problems provides hope that problems can be solved

76
Q

Benefits of Groups Therapy: Universality

A

Awareness of not being alone in the problems, feelings and anxiety that they are feeling

77
Q

Benefits of Groups Therapy: The Imparting of Information

A

Knowledge is gained through formal instruction and the sharing of advice and suggestions from others in group

78
Q

Benefits of Groups Therapy: Altruism

A

Assimilated by group members through sharing concern for each other - which promotes a positive self-image and self-growth

79
Q

Benefits of Groups Therapy: The Corrective Recapitulation of the Primary Family Group

A

Experience early family conflicts that remain unresolved. Attempts at resolution are promoted through feedback and exploration

80
Q

Benefits of Groups Therapy: The Development of Socializing Techniques

A

Correcting maladaptive social behaviors through interaction and feedback

81
Q

Benefits of Groups Therapy: Imitative Behavior

A

Where individuals imitate positive psychosocial behaviors that they wish to develop for themselves

82
Q

Benefits of Groups Therapy: Interpersonal Learning

A

The group offers many and varied opportunities for interaction with other people to gain insight regarding how one perceives and is being perceived by others

83
Q

Benefits of Groups Therapy: Group Cohesiveness

A

A sense of belonging that separates the individual from the group. Develops a common feeling that both group and individual are a value to each other

84
Q

Benefits of Groups Therapy: Catharsis

A

An open expression of feelings - both positive and negative

85
Q

Benefits of Groups Therapy: Existential Factors

A

Group is able to help individual members take direction of their own loves and to accept responsibility for the quality of their experience

86
Q

Therapeutic Milieu

A
  • Includes all patients and treatment team

- Is meant to be a safe place to try out new behaviors, such as ADLs

Sophomore 2 Test 1 (6 decks)

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