Group 4

Question 1

Latissimus dorsi

Answer 1

O: Supraspinous ligament from T3 caudally via thoracolumbar fascia
I: Teres major tuberosity of humerus together with teres major muscle
F: Lateral flexion of back. Shoulder flexion, Retracts limb, Draws trunk cranially
N: Thoracodorsal n.

Question 2

Iliocostalis (thoracic + lumborum)

Answer 2

O: Lumbar TPs + cranial rib borders
I: Angles of ribs 1-15 + TP of C7
F: Stabilise lumbar vertebrae + ribs; extends vertebral column + bends it laterally; may function in expiration
N: Dorsal branches of local spinal nn.

Question 3

Longissimus dorsi (capitis + atlantis)

Answer 3

O: TPs of T1-T2 and Articular processes of C3-C7
I: wing of atlas + Mastoid process
F: Extends back + neck, Stabilises vertebral column
N: Dorsal branches of local spinal nn.

Question 4

Longissimus dorsi (cervicis)

Answer 4

O: T2-T6 tubercles of ribs
I: Tubercle of 1st rib, Cranial TPs of C4-C7
F: Extends back + neck, Stabilises vertebral column
N: Dorsal branches of local spinal nn.

Question 5

Longissimus dorsi (thoracis + lumborum)

Answer 5

O: Wing of ilium, SPs of sacral, lumbar + thoracic vertebrae
I: TPs of lumbar + thoracic vertebrae
F: Extends back + neck, Stabilises vertebral column
N: Dorsal branches of local spinal nn.

Question 6

Spinalis

Answer 6

O: SPs of lumbar + last 6 thoracic vertebrae
I: SPs of T1-6/7 and C3-7
F: Stabilises back + neck; Elevates neck or bends it laterally
N: Dorsal branches of local spinal nn.

Question 7

Multifidus

Answer 7

O: Articular + Mamillary processes of all vertebrae C2-Sacrum
I: SPs of preceding vertebrae
F: Stabilises + twists vertebral column; Elevates neck
N: Dorsal branches of local spinal nn.