group 2 - the alkaline earth metals Flashcards
What are alkaline earth metals known for?
Their oxides and hydroxides are alkaline.
In which block of the periodic table are alkaline earth metals found?
s-block.
How do alkaline earth metals compare in reactivity to group 1 metals?
They are less reactive.
How many electrons do alkaline earth metals need to lose to achieve a full outer shell?
2 electrons.
What type of ions do alkaline earth metals form?
2+ ions.
What is the structure of alkaline earth metals?
Giant metallic lattices.
What is the trend in atomic radius down group 2?
Increases down the group.
What happens to the first ionisation energy as you move down group 2?
Decreases down the group.
What causes the decrease in first ionisation energy down group 2?
Increased distance of outer electrons from the nucleus and increased shielding.
What is the trend in melting and boiling points down group 2?
Generally decreases down the group, ignoring Mg.
What is the reason for magnesium having the lowest melting point in group 2?
The crystal structure changes.
What is the trend in density down group 2?
Increases down the group.
What is the relationship between mass and atomic radius in group 2?
Mass increases at a faster rate than the radius.
What is the trend in reactivity down group 2?
Increases down the group.
What happens in the general reaction of a group 2 metal with water?
Metal + Water → Metal Hydroxide + Hydrogen.
What type of reactions occur when group 2 metals react with water?
Redox reactions.
What is produced when magnesium reacts with steam?
Alkaline oxide and hydrogen.
Fill in the blank: Magnesium reacts very ______ with liquid cold water.
slowly.
What do hydroxides form when a metal reacts with water?
White solids, some of which are soluble.
What is the trend in solubility of hydroxides down group 2?
More soluble down the group.
What happens to the strength of the base as you go down group 2?
Strength of the base increases.
Which hydroxide is the least soluble in water?
Mg(OH)2.
What is the use of Mg(OH)2?
An antacid.
Which sulfate is insoluble in water?
BaSO4.
What is the trend in solubility of sulfates down group 2?
Less soluble down the group.
What is barium sulfate used for?
As a medical tracer for imaging internal organs.
Which reagent is used to test for sulfates?
BaCl2.
What does the reaction between BaCl2 and sulfate ions produce?
Insoluble barium sulfate (white precipitate).
What is the function of magnesium in the extraction of titanium?
Reduces titanium chloride in a displacement reaction.
What is used for flue gas desulfurization?
Calcium oxide or calcium carbonate.
What is produced when sulfur dioxide reacts with calcium oxide?
Calcium sulfite.
