Group 2 Flashcards
Atomic radius down the group…
Increases as the atoms have more shells of electrons
Melting point down the group …
Decreases as the metallic bonding weakens as the atomic radii increases. Therefore the distance between the positive ions and electrons increase causing the electrostatic attractive force to weaken
1st Ionisation energy down the group…
Decreases down the group
Reactivity of metals down the group:
Increases
What are the steps in extracting titanium?
- TiO2(s)is converted to TiCl4(l) at 900•C
- the TiCl4 is purified by fractional distillation in an argon atmosphere
- The Ti is extracted by Mg in an argon atmosphere at 500•C
Why is extracting titanium expensive?
- Mg is expensive
- is a batch process which makes it expensive as the process is slower and requires more labour and the energy is lost when the reactor is cooled down after stopping
- high temperatures required in both steps
- expensive due to argon and the need to remove moisture
Why is titanium a useful metal?
Because it is abundant, has a low density and is corrosive resistant
Why can’t titanium be extracted with carbon?
Because titanium carbide is formed rather than titanium . Titanium can’t be extracted by electrolysis because it has to be very pure
Give the equation of the reaction between magnesium and steam/
Mg(s) +H2O(g)—> MgO(s)+H2(g)
Give the equation of the reaction between magnesium and warm water:
Mg+2H2O—>Mg(OH)2+H2
What is the use of magnesium hydroxide?
It is almost insoluble and is sold as a suspension in water known as milk of magnesia and is taken to neutralise stomach acidity and reduce indigestion
What is calcium hydroxide used for?
It is used to neutralise acidic soil in agriculture
What is magnesium Sulfate used for?
It is used to treat magnesium deficiency
What is barium Sulfate used for ?
It is eastern as part of a barium meal and is good at absorbing X-rays. Barium ions are very toxic however are harmless due to barium Sulfate being insoluble
What is calcium oxide or calcium carbonate used for?
It used to remove sulfur dioxide from flue gases
