Group 2 Flashcards
What is the reactivity trend going down the group
Increase in reactivity as shielding increases which overcomes the increase in nuclear charge.
Appearance of reaction with group 2 metals and cold water:
Berylium, Magnesium, Calcium, strontium, barium
Berylium: No reaction
Magnesium: Very slow reaction
Vigorus with steam
Calcium: Vigorous
Strontium: vigorus
Barium: Vigorus (quickest)
Group 2 metal + Water –>
Metal hydroxide + Hydrogen
Group 2 metal + Oxygen –>
Metal oxide
Observation of magnesium + Oxygen
Bright white flame
Observation of calcium + Oxygen
Red flame
Observation of strontium + Oxygen
Red flame
Observation of barium + Oxygen
Green flame
What colour are group 2 oxides
White solid
group 2 oxides + Water
Metal hydroxide
observation when magnesium is added to water
Weakly alkaline soluiton is formed (pH 10)
observations when calcium is added to water
A vigorous reaction, causing water to boil off the
Metal + Acid –>
Salt + Hydrogen
Metal carbonate + Acid –>
salt + Water + Carbon Dioxide
Metal carbonate + heat
Metal oxide + carbon dioxide
metal nitrate + heat
metal oxide + NO2 + O2
what is the observation of thermal decomposition of nitrates
toxic brown fumes
First and second ionisation energy trend for group 2 metals
Decreases going down the group because of shielding.
- First ionisation energy of every group 2 metal will be lower than the second ionisation energy
trend in thermal stability of group 2 metals
Increases down the group
trend in solubilities of group 2 hydroxides
Increases down the group
Trend in alkalinity of group 2 hydroxides
Increases down the group as they get more soluble and concentration of OH- ions increased
Trend in solubilities of group 2 sulfates
Decreases down the group
Is the size of OH- anion bigger or size of SO4 2-
SO4 2- is bigger.
This caused the attraction between group 2 metal and so4 ions weak
