Group 1A Drugs Flashcards
Acetylsalicylic Acid (Aspirin, ASA): define the class or what it does
- analgesic: pain reliever
- antipyretic: reduces fever
- anti-inflammatory: reduces swelling
Acetylsalicylic Acid (Aspirin, ASA): mechanism of action
decreases platelet aggregation (clotting) by blocking Thromboxane A2
Acetylsalicylic Acid (Aspirin, ASA): indications (when to give it)
- chest pain, ECG changes, or signs of AMI
- unstable angina
Acetylsalicylic Acid (Aspirin, ASA): adult dose and route
162mg - 324mg PO (by mouth): 4 x 81mg chewable tablets
Acetylsalicylic Acid (Aspirin, ASA): onset of action
30 - 45 minutes
Acetylsalicylic Acid (Aspirin, ASA): peak effect
1 - 2 hours after administration
Acetylsalicylic Acid (Aspirin, ASA): duration of action (how long it lasts)
4 - 6 hours after administration
Nitroglycerin (Nitrostat, Nitromist): define the class or what it does
- vasodilator
- antianginal: prevents angina from occurring or relieving anginal pain
Nitroglycerin (Nitrostat, Nitromist): mechanism of action
- smooth muscle relaxer on vascular, uterine, bronchial, and intestinal smooth muscle
- decreases preload: increased right-sided workload by causing blood pooling
- decreased after load: arterial vasodilation
- coronary artery vasodilation increases blood flow to the myocardium and decreasing myocardial O2 demand
Nitroglycerin (Nitrostat, Nitromist): indications (when to give it)
- angina
- MI
- CHF with pulmonary edema
Nitroglycerin (Nitrostat, Nitromist): adult dose and route
0.4mg SL (sublingual) or nasal spray: may repeat dosing up to 3 times every 5 minutes as long as the systolic BP > 90mmHg
Nitroglycerin (Nitrostat, Nitromist): onset of action
1 - 3 minutes
Nitroglycerin (Nitrostat, Nitromist): peak effect
5 - 10 minutes
Nitroglycerin (Nitrostat, Nitromist): duration of action (how long it lasts)
20 - 30 minutes
Morphine Sulfate: define the class or what it does
opioid analgesic (acts on opioid receptors to relieve pain)
Morphine Sulfate: mechanism of action
- elevates pain threshold by acting on pain receptors in the brain
- depresses the CNS and respiratory centers in the brain
- increases venous capacity, vasodilators arterioles, and reduces the preload & after load in the heart
Morphine Sulfate: indications (when to give it)
- analgesia
- pulmonary edema
Morphine Sulfate: adult dose and route
- acute chest pain: 2mg - 4mg IV / IO / IM slowly; may repeat 2mg - 8mg in 5-16 minutes
- pain management: 1mg - 5mg IV / IO / IM slowly; may repeat as needed
Morphine Sulfate: onset of action
within seconds
Morphine Sulfate: peak effect
20 minutes
Morphine Sulfate: duration of action (how long it lasts)
2 - 4 hours
Furosemide (Lasix): de
Furosemide (Lasix): mechanism of action
- inhibits electrolyte reabsorption in the ascending Loop of Henle
- promotes excretion of Na2+, K+, and Cl-
- increases venous capacity and decreases after load due to vasodilation
Furosemide (Lasix): indications (when to give it)
- pulmonary edema, secondary to renal failure
- CHF
Furosemide (Lasix): adult dose and route
- IV Lasix: 0.5mg - 1mg/kg IV / IO slowly over 1 - 2 minutes (if no response, double the second dose to 2mg/kg IV / IO)
- PO Lasix: 2 times the pt’s normal daily dose (if no response after 20 minutes, may release with double the dose)
Furosemide (Lasix): onset of action
5 minutes
Furosemide (Lasix): peak effect
20 - 60 minutes
Furosemide (Lasix): duration of action (how long it takes)
varies from person to person
