Chapter 13 Vocab Flashcards
schedule I
high abuse potential; no recognized medical purpose
- heroin, marijuana, LSD
schedule II
high abuse potential; legitimate medical purpose
- fentanyl, ritalin, cocaine
schedule III
lower potential for abuse than schedule II drugs
- hydrocodone, acetaminophen with codeine, ketamine
schedule IV
lower potential for abuse than schedule III drugs
- valium, ativan
schedule V
lower potential for abuse than schedule IV drugs
- narcotic cough medications
plant source meds
atropine, aspirin, digoxin, morphine
animal source meds
heparin, antivenom, thyroid preparations, insulin
microorganism source meds
streptokinase, antibiotics
mineral source meds
iron, magnesium sulfate, lithium, phosphorous, calcium
class I
strong evidence supporting the use of medication
class IIa
moderate evidence supporting the use of medication
class IIb
weak evidence supporting the use of medication
class III
evidence does not support that there is a benefit and may be harmful consequences
class intermediate
either research is beginning on a treatment or research is continuing on a treatment
- cannot recommend for or against
pharmacodynamics
biochemical and physiological effects and mechanism of a medication in the body
pharmacokinetics
activity of medications in the body over time
- absorption, distribution, and elimination
biotransformation
one of 4 rxns can occur:
- an inactive substance can become active
- an active medication can be changed to another medication
- an active medication can be completely or partially inactivated
- a medication is transformed into a substance that is easier to eliminate from the body
alpha (α)-1 receptors
vasoconstriction of arteries and veins
alpha (α)-2 receptors
- insulin restriction
- glucagon secretion
- inhibition of norepinephrine release
beta (β)-1 receptors
- increased HR (chronotropic)
- increased myocardial contractility (intotropic)
- increased myocardial conduction (dromotropic)
- renin secretion for urine retention
beta (β)-2 receptors
- bronchiole relaxation
- insulin secretion
- uterine relaxation
- arterial dilation in key organs
dopaminergic receptors
vasodilation of renal and mesenteric arteries
nicotinic
present at the NMJ, allows Acetyl-CoA to stimulate muscle contraction
muscarinic-2 receptors
- present in the heart and activated by Acetyl CoA to offset stimulation of the SNS
- decreases HR, contractility, and electrical conduction velocity
opioid receptors
- present in the central and peripheral NS, bowels, and various tissues
- produces analgesia, euphoria, respiratory depression
- 3 types: mu, kappa, and delta
