group 1

Question 1

what are group 1 elements sometimes referred to as

Answer 1

the alkali metals

Question 2

what properties do group 1 elements have which are unexpected and why

Answer 2

they have a low density which means they float
they are soft and can sometimes be cut with a knife.
They have a low melting point.
they have a dull appearance
they are very very reactive

all of these are non metal properties which are unexpected bc they are metallic elements

Question 3

how many electrons in the outer shell of a group 1 element and what is the affect

Answer 3

Group one elements have one electron in the outer shell so they tend to have similar chemical and physical properties

Question 4

list the group 1 elements

Answer 4

lithium
sodium
potassium
rubidium
caesium
francium

Question 5

what is the trend of melting points in group 1

Answer 5

they decrease are you go down the group therefore francium has the lowest melting point

Question 6

how does oxygen react with group 1 elements and how can it be prevented

Answer 6

once it has been cut or split, the fresh metal soon tarnishes because it has reacted w the oxygen in the air forming a dark layer of metal oxide
therefore the metals are often kept in oil to prevent the reaction

Question 7

what colour flame does lithium ion have

Answer 7

red

Question 8

what colour flame does sodium ions have

Answer 8

orange flame

Question 9

what colour flame is potassium ions

Answer 9

lilac flame

Question 10

what colour flame does calcium ions have

Answer 10

brick red flame

Question 11

what colour flame does barium ions have

Answer 11

apple green

Question 12

how does lithium react with water

Answer 12

lithium begins by floral ring but then makes hydrogen gas bubbles and the universal indicator turns purple meaning their is lithium hydroxide being formed in water

Question 13

how does sodium react w water

Answer 13

universal inductor goes purple so there is sodium hydroxide being formed sodium becomes a ball
of liquid metal and moves around in the surface if water

Question 14

how does potassium react w water

Answer 14

potassium immediately catches fire w a lilac flame hydrogen gas is give off and universal indicator turns from green to purple meaning potassium hydroxide is being formed in the water

Question 15

how do we test for hydrogen gas

Answer 15

squeaky pop test
hydrogen is so light it can be trapped upside down in test tube
lit galme is held underneath
the squeaky pop sound is from the small explosion

Question 16

what happens when group 1 metals react w group 7 elements

Answer 16

It produces a metal halide as a white powder

Question 17

How is sodium chloride made

Answer 17

sodium metal reacts with chlorine gas producing sodium chloride known as salt

Question 18

what is the trending reactivity in the group One elements?

Answer 18

as you go down the group, the metals find it easier to lose the outer electron therefore bc lithiums outermost electron is still close to the positive proton (bc it only has 2 shells) there is a strong attraction so it struggles to lose it therefore it is the least reactive