Group 1

Question 1

What is superstructure

Answer 1

All internal and external works items above the damp proof course

Question 2

What is substructure

Answer 2

All elements of work that are undertaken below the damp proof course
Provides a basis for the superstructure to be constructed upon

Question 3

What are the main site considerations

Answer 3

Access
Storage
Accommodation
Temp services
Plant
Fencing and hoarding
Health and safety risks

Question 4

What is Part L of building regs

Answer 4

Conservation of fuel and power

Question 5

Part A of building regs

Answer 5

Structure

Question 6

Part B of building regs

Answer 6

Fire

Question 7

Different types of foundations

Answer 7

Strip
Pad
Piling
Raft foundations

Question 8

Different types of piles

Answer 8

Sheets piles
Secant piles
Bored piles
Pre-cast piles

Question 9

What is a raft foundation?

Answer 9

• they spread the load of the superstructure over a large base and reduce the load per m2 of the area
• raft foundation solutions are useful in low bearing soils
• They can be a solid raft slab or beam and slab raft such as a ground beam system and suspended PC concrete ground floor

Question 10

What conditions would you expect a raft foundation to be used for a substructure?

Answer 10

• A raft can be used for lightly loaded buildings on sites with poor soils
• Heavy loads to the raft have the potential to cause the raft to move sideways as a result of raft foundations not being very deep

Question 11

What is a strip foundation?

Answer 11

• Strip foundations are formed by creating shallow continuous excavation to support the perimeter and internal walls
• They are also referred to as strip footings and are suitable for most subsoils and a light structural design.

Question 12

What are pad foundations?

Answer 12

• Pad foundations provide a base for reinforced concrete or steel columns.
• They are usually formed by making an isolated excavation in the shape of a square or rectangle
• They often have reinforcement mesh as part of the construction and spread the load to a layer of bearing soil or rock below

Question 13

What are benefits of clt

Answer 13

• Can be sustainably sourced
• quick construction on site
• fire resistance can be achieved
• reduced on site labour needed

Question 14

Drawbacks of clt?

Answer 14

• more expensive that steel and concrete
• reputation of timber buildings
• acquiring insurance / warranty

Question 15

What allowances would you include for when measuring a clt frame

Answer 15

• sounds insulation
• fire line boarding / encapsulation
• protection from elements during construction
• 280/m2