group 0,1,7 Flashcards
what happens as you go down the group 0 elements
boiling point increases
-«more electron shells»
-«bigger atoms»
-more intermolecular forces
-more energy needed to break forces
what happens as you go down the group 1 elements
-elements become more reactive
-«more electron shells»
- outer electron is further away from nucleus
- nucleus is more shielded by other shells
-easier for outer electron to be lost
-electrostatic force of attraction between the outer electron and nucleus is weaker
what happens as you move down the group 7 elements
elements become less reactive
-«more electron shells»
-outer shell is further from nucleus
-outer shell is more shield by the other shells
-the electrostatic force between the outer shell and the nucleus is weaker
-harder to attract new electron into the shell (reason above^)
what are the features of the halogens
-7 electrons in the outer shell thus similar properties
-gains one electron when they react to form a -1 ion
-forms molecules
-non metals
-more reactive halogen can displace a less reactive halogen
what are the features of the alkali metals (group 1)
-similar properties as they all have 1 electron in their outer shell
-soft,grey,shiny metals
-all lose one electron when they react, forming a +1 ion
-stored in oil as they are reactive to oxygen
-when placed in water they produce an alkali and hydrogen gas
eg. lithium + water -> lithium hydroxide + hydrogen
what happens to the boiling and melting point as you go down the halogens and why
- what : they increase
- why : because the forces intermolecularly are stronger
what are the physical properties of the halogens
- no electric conduction
- non-metals
- brittle, poisonous and smelly when solids
- they get darker going down the group
- fluorine is a light yellow, iodine is blackish
what happens to the boiling and melting point as you go down group one elements
- what : they decrease
_ why : the intermolecular forces get weaker
what are the physical properties of the group 1 elements
- density gets higher
- soft, shiny, easy to cut
- conduct heat and electricity
what is the word equation for when alkali metals react with water
alkali metal + water -> alkali metal hydroxide + hydrogen
e.g.
sodium + water -> sodium hydroxide + hydrogen
all group 1 elements react with oxygen to form _____ ______ and the metals get _______ in colour and ____ _____ as the _____ forms
metal oxides, darker, less shiny, oxide
lithium + oxygen ->
lithium oxide
/
2Li(little)2O
what chemical reaction happens when alkali metals react with water
bubbles
fizzes
reacts vigorously
move quickly on the surface
potassium self ignites a lilac flame
what colour does the solution turn when potassium bromide goes into chlorine water
yellow / orange
what colour does the solution turn when potassium iodine goes into chlorine water
brown
what colour does the solution turn when potassium chloride goes into bromine water
no reaction
what colour does the solution turn when potassium iodine goes into bromine water
changes from orange to brown
what colour does the solution turn when potassium chloride goes into iodine water
no reaction
what colour does the solution turn when potassium bromide goes into iodine water
no reaction
